{
  "id": "96-561",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "96-561",
  "active": false,
  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
  "versions": [
    {
      "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
      "id": 104027,
      "date": "1996-06-19",
      "retrieved": "2016-05-24T21:02:19.490941",
      "title": "NATO Adapts for New Missions: The Berlin Accord and Combined Joint Task Forces (CJTF)",
      "summary": "The NATO Foreign Ministers, meeting on June 3, 1996 in Berlin, Germany, agreed in principle\non\nsignificant new steps that, if implemented, would constitute a major transformation of the North\nAtlantic Treaty Organization's missions and methods of operation. In January 1994, NATO leaders\nhad approved a U.S. proposal to create Combined Joint Task Force (CJTF) headquarters that would\nallow the allies to prepare to use their forces for a wide variety of different military scenarios. The\nconcept had not been put into action largely because of political differences over how to create the\noption for European-led CJTFs. At Berlin, the allies agreed that a European Security and Defense\nIdentity (ESDI) would be created within the framework of the transatlantic alliance by opening the\npossibility for European officers in the NATO structure to wear their NATO command \"hat\" and,\nif necessary, a Western European Union (WEU) command hat. It was also agreed that the NATO\nstructure and assets could, with the agreement of all the allies, including the United States, be made\navailable for future military operations commanded by the WEU. The government of France has said\nthat if such \"multiple-hatting\" command arrangements and the asset sharing plan are implemented,\nFrance will return to full participation in NATO's military command structure. Implementation of\nthe Berlin accord now must be negotiated, and hard bargaining can be expected in the months ahead.",
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORTS",
      "active": false,
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          "encoding": null,
          "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/96-561",
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          "images": null
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      ],
      "topics": []
    }
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Foreign Affairs",
    "Intelligence and National Security",
    "National Defense"
  ]
}