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      "id": 345846,
      "date": "2008-06-17",
      "retrieved": "2016-04-06T22:35:22.135873",
      "title": "The Spending Pipeline: Stages of Federal Spending",
      "summary": "Federal government spending involves a multi-step process in which budget authority is enacted and obligated, and outlays are generated. Budget authority is enacted in law; it provides federal agencies the legal basis to incur obligations. Obligations, which reflect such activities as employing personnel, entering into contracts, and submitting purchase orders, establish financial liabilities of the federal government. Outlays are payments that liquidate these obligations. This multi-step process can be illustrated as a spending pipeline (see Figure 1). For more information on the budget process, see the CRS Guides to Congressional Processes at http://www.crs.gov/\u00bfproducts/\u00bfguides/\u00bfguidehome.shtml.",
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      "title": "The Spending Pipeline: Stages of Federal Spending",
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