{ "id": "98-64", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "number": "98-64", "active": true, "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "versions": [ { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 450217, "date": "2016-02-29", "retrieved": "2016-03-24T17:02:59.954092", "title": " Rural Water Supply and Sewer Systems: Background Information", "summary": "The Safe Drinking Water Act and the Clean Water Act impose requirements regarding drinking water quality and wastewater treatment in rural as well as urban areas of the United States. Approximately 19% of the U.S. population lives in areas defined by the Census Bureau as rural. Many rural communities need to complete water and waste disposal projects to improve the public health and environmental conditions of their citizens. Small water infrastructure systems often have higher rates of noncompliance than larger systems. In addition, because small systems generally lack economies of scale, their customers face a particularly heavy financial burden to meet needs for clean water investments. Funding needs are high (more than $130 billion, according to state surveys). \nSeveral federal programs assist rural communities in meeting these requirements. In dollar terms, the largest are administered by the Environmental Protection Agency, but they do not focus solely on rural areas. The Department of Agriculture\u2019s grant and loan programs support significant financial activity and are directed solely at rural areas. Meeting infrastructure funding needs of rural areas efficiently and effectively is likely to remain an issue of considerable congressional interest.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/98-64", "sha1": "cb302559ea5987ac4d21261392a65ced3b42f4cc", "filename": "files/20160229_98-64_cb302559ea5987ac4d21261392a65ced3b42f4cc.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/98-64", "sha1": "5a8b350ad8c7c554faf31f4cc311973eb982a5af", "filename": "files/20160229_98-64_5a8b350ad8c7c554faf31f4cc311973eb982a5af.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 2647, "name": "Water Quality Protection" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc807244/", "id": "98-64_2014Dec22", "date": "2014-12-22", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Rural Water Supply and Sewer Systems: Background Information", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20141222_98-64_157ed2eadd4c72961756fab9cadc94b93f613c29.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20141222_98-64_157ed2eadd4c72961756fab9cadc94b93f613c29.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc820032/", "id": "98-64_2014Nov05", "date": "2014-11-05", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Rural Water Supply and Sewer Systems: Background Information", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20141105_98-64_e9e6d8328f658ae670148c14d83a3b1837e3810c.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20141105_98-64_e9e6d8328f658ae670148c14d83a3b1837e3810c.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc820246/", "id": "98-64_2010Jun17", "date": "2010-06-17", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Rural Water Supply and Sewer Systems: Background Information", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20100617_98-64_c90eb090160d42316aaf393b0fbed9e26f3e6888.pdf" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc821268/", "id": "98-64_2009Dec30", "date": "2009-12-30", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Rural Water Supply and Sewer Systems: Background Information", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20091230_98-64_61c5c9ddf14e9d7317ad91947ab6ab16398167d0.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20091230_98-64_61c5c9ddf14e9d7317ad91947ab6ab16398167d0.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc806146/", "id": "98-64_2008Nov20", "date": "2008-11-20", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Rural Water Supply and Sewer Systems: Background Information", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20081120_98-64_b53e64b54f5a8cd29faba89ae3b72b24413b42ac.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20081120_98-64_b53e64b54f5a8cd29faba89ae3b72b24413b42ac.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc847787/", "id": "98-64_2008Aug25", "date": "2008-08-25", "retrieved": "2016-06-02T05:26:07", "title": "Rural Water Supply and Sewer Systems: Background Information", "summary": "This report discusses the Safe Drinking Water Act and the Clean Water Act, which impose requirements regarding drinking water quality and wastewater treatment in rural areas. Approximately 27% of the U.S. population lives in areas defined by the Census Bureau as rural. Many rural communities need to complete water and waste disposal projects to improve the public health and environmental conditions of their citizens.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20080825_98-64_7ac7e031bca8b1e0671f4e3fba40d9b9e612018e.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20080825_98-64_7ac7e031bca8b1e0671f4e3fba40d9b9e612018e.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Rural conditions", "name": "Rural conditions" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Water supply", "name": "Water supply" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Water quality", "name": "Water quality" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Water resources", "name": "Water resources" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Infrastructure", "name": "Infrastructure" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc822506/", "id": "98-64_2007Apr12", "date": "2007-04-12", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Rural Water Supply and Sewer Systems: Background Information", "summary": "This report discusses the Safe Drinking Water Act and the Clean Water Act, which impose requirements regarding drinking water quality and wastewater treatment in rural areas. Approximately 27% of the U.S. population lives in areas defined by the Census Bureau as rural. Many rural communities need to complete water and waste disposal projects to improve the public health and environmental conditions of their citizens.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20070412_98-64_ad6e8467a82cc48d1f5fca9bf80f7ee811058b00.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20070412_98-64_ad6e8467a82cc48d1f5fca9bf80f7ee811058b00.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Rural conditions", "name": "Rural conditions" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Water supply", "name": "Water supply" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Water quality", "name": "Water quality" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Water resources", "name": "Water resources" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Infrastructure", "name": "Infrastructure" } ] } ], "topics": [ "Environmental Policy" ] }