{
  "id": "98-940",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "98-940",
  "active": false,
  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
  "versions": [
    {
      "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
      "id": 103907,
      "date": "2001-01-12",
      "retrieved": "2016-05-24T20:30:14.112941",
      "title": "Enforceability of Mandatory Arbitration Agreements: Wright v. Universal Maritime Service Corp.",
      "summary": "In  Wright v. Universal Maritime Service Corp. , the U.S. Supreme Court found that\na mandatory\narbitration clause in a collective bargaining agreement was not enforceable because it failed to\nspecify arbitration as the covered employees' sole method of obtaining relief for their statutory\nclaims. Without such explicit language in the agreement, the union could not have made a \"clear\nand unmistakable waiver\" of the employees' rights to a judicial forum. Although the Court identified\na \"clear and unmistakable waiver\" standard for determining whether a mandatory arbitration\nagreement could be enforced, it refrained from deciding whether a union could actually bargain for\nsuch a waiver.",
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORTS",
      "active": false,
      "formats": [
        {
          "format": "HTML",
          "encoding": "utf-8",
          "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/98-940",
          "sha1": "7f4341131f9ea9429547d7dbd206fbbbda05283f",
          "filename": "files/20010112_98-940_7f4341131f9ea9429547d7dbd206fbbbda05283f.html",
          "images": null
        },
        {
          "format": "PDF",
          "encoding": null,
          "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/98-940",
          "sha1": "846acfd9b5bb72bdd69c4c7fe1eed00783c6537a",
          "filename": "files/20010112_98-940_846acfd9b5bb72bdd69c4c7fe1eed00783c6537a.pdf",
          "images": null
        }
      ],
      "topics": []
    }
  ],
  "topics": []
}