{
  "id": "IN10903",
  "type": "CRS Insight",
  "typeId": "INSIGHTS",
  "number": "IN10903",
  "active": false,
  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
  "versions": [
    {
      "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
      "id": 581097,
      "date": "2018-05-15",
      "retrieved": "2019-05-03T16:07:38.678981",
      "title": "CRS Products on the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)",
      "summary": "The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is a free trade agreement among the United States, Canada, and Mexico that entered into force on January 1, 1994. NAFTA includes 8 parts consisting of 22 chapters and 2 side agreements. The main text of the agreement contains provisions on tariff and nontariff barrier elimination, customs procedures, energy, agriculture, technical barriers to trade, government procurement, foreign investments, services trade, temporary entry for business persons, intellectual property rights protection (IPR), and dispute resolution procedures. Two side agreements to NAFTA contain provisions on labor and the environment, including a separate dispute settlement process. More recent U.S. Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) have updated and more enforceable provisions on IPR protection, labor, and the environment, as well as new rules to address changes in economic activities that that have taken place since NAFTA entered into force, such as the widespread use of the Internet and e-commerce. \nOn May 18, 2017, the Trump Administration sent a 90-day notification to Congress of its intent to begin talks with Canada and Mexico to renegotiate NAFTA, as required by the 2015 Trade Promotion Authority (TPA). Negotiations began on August 16, 2017, in Washington, DC. After eight months of negotiations, the three countries continue to negotiate and attempt to resolve several contentious issues, including rules of origin for automobiles and auto parts, dispute settlement provisions, seasonal barriers to agriculture trade, government procurement, and a proposed clause by the United States that would terminate NAFTA after five years unless the three nations agree to continue the agreement. \nFor more information on NAFTA and related trade issues such as TPA, please contact M. Angeles Villarreal (avillarreal@crs.loc.gov), Ian Fergusson (ifergusson@crs.loc.gov), or authors of the following products. \nCRS Reports\nCRS Report R44981, NAFTA Renegotiation and Modernization, by M. Angeles Villarreal and Ian F. Fergusson.\nCRS Report R42965, The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), by M. Angeles Villarreal and Ian F. Fergusson.\nCRS Report R43491, Trade Promotion Authority (TPA): Frequently Asked Questions, by Ian F. Fergusson and Christopher M. Davis.\nCRS Report R44907, NAFTA and Motor Vehicle Trade, by Bill Canis, M. Angeles Villarreal, and Vivian C. Jones\nCRS Report RL34524, International Trade: Rules of Origin, by Vivian C. Jones.\nCRS Report R44875, The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and U.S. Agriculture, by Ren\u00e9e Johnson.\nCRS Report R45018, Potential Effects of a U.S. NAFTA Withdrawal: Agricultural Markets, by Ren\u00e9e Johnson.\nCRS Report R45038, Efforts to Address Seasonal Agricultural Import Competition in the NAFTA Renegotiation, by Ren\u00e9e Johnson.\nCRS Report R44998, Renegotiating NAFTA and U.S. Textile Manufacturing, by Michaela D. Platzer.\nCRS Report RL32934, U.S.-Mexico Economic Relations: Trends, Issues, and Implications, by M. Angeles Villarreal. \nCRS In Focus (2-page Briefs)\nCRS In Focus IF10047, North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), by M. Angeles Villarreal.\nCRS In Focus IF10038, Trade Promotion Authority (TPA), by Ian F. Fergusson. \nCRS In Focus IF10835, NAFTA Motor Vehicle Talks Reopen Old Trade Debate, by Bill Canis.\nCRS In Focus IF10682, NAFTA Renegotiation: Issues for U.S. Agriculture, by Ren\u00e9e Johnson.\nCRS In Focus IF10800, Agricultural Trade Balances Under NAFTA, by Ren\u00e9e Johnson.\nCRS In Focus, CRS In Focus IF10754, Rules of Origin, by Vivian C. Jones. \nCRS In Focus IF10645, Dispute Settlement in U.S. Trade Agreements, by Ian F. Fergusson.\nCRS In Focus IF10770, Digital Trade, by Rachel F. Fefer. \nCRS In Focus IF10046, Worker Rights Provisions in Free Trade Agreements (FTAs), by Cathleen D. Cimino-Isaacs and M. Angeles Villarreal.\nCRS In Focus IF10156, U.S. Trade Policy: Background and Current Issues, by Shayerah Ilias Akhtar, Ian F. Fergusson, and Brock R. Williams.\nCRS Legal Sidebar\nCRS Legal Sidebar WSLG1724, Renegotiation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA): What Actions Do Not Require Congressional Approval?, by Brandon J. Murrill.",
      "type": "CRS Insight",
      "typeId": "INSIGHTS",
      "active": false,
      "formats": [
        {
          "format": "HTML",
          "encoding": "utf-8",
          "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/IN10903",
          "sha1": "5cb24cae8ed03e1bb0709ef1be9f445c65b3aa2f",
          "filename": "files/20180515_IN10903_5cb24cae8ed03e1bb0709ef1be9f445c65b3aa2f.html",
          "images": {}
        },
        {
          "format": "PDF",
          "encoding": null,
          "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/IN10903",
          "sha1": "dc5b95c47654f99f4578661e8cd6bd4809670de5",
          "filename": "files/20180515_IN10903_dc5b95c47654f99f4578661e8cd6bd4809670de5.pdf",
          "images": {}
        }
      ],
      "topics": []
    }
  ],
  "topics": [
    "CRS Insights",
    "Foreign Affairs"
  ]
}