{
  "id": "R40684",
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      "id": 359273,
      "date": "2010-04-15",
      "retrieved": "2016-04-07T01:43:57.317278",
      "title": "North Korea\u2019s Second Nuclear Test: Implications of U.N. Security Council Resolution 1874",
      "summary": "The United Nations Security Council unanimously passed Res. 1874 on June 12, 2009, in response to North Korea\u2019s second nuclear test. The resolution puts in place a series of sanctions on North Korea\u2019s arms sales, luxury goods, and financial transactions related to its weapons programs, and calls upon states to inspect North Korean vessels suspected of carrying such shipments. The resolution does allow for shipments of food and nonmilitary goods. As was the case with an earlier U.N. resolution, 1718, that was passed in October 2006 after North Korea\u2019s first nuclear test, Resolution 1874 seeks to curb financial benefits that go to North Korea\u2019s regime and its weapons program. This report summarizes and analyzes Resolution 1874. In summary, the economic effect of Resolution 1874 is not likely to be great unless China cooperates extensively and goes beyond the requirements of the resolution and/or the specific financial sanctions cause a ripple effect that causes financial institutions to avoid being \u201ctainted\u201d by handling any DPRK transaction.\nOn the surface, sanctions aimed solely at the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea (DPRK, the official name of North Korea) and its prohibited activities are not likely to have a large monetary effect. Governments will have to interpret the financial sanctions ban of the resolution liberally in order to apply sanctions to the bank accounts of North Korean trading corporations. A key to its success will be the extent to which China, North Korea\u2019s most important economic partner, implements the resolution. A ban on luxury goods will only be effective if China begins to deny North Korea lucrative trade credits. \nProvisions for inspection of banned cargo on aircraft and sea vessels rely on the acquiescence of the shipping state. In the case of North Korean vessels, it is highly unlikely that they would submit to searches. Resolution 1874 is vague about how its air cargo provisions are to be implemented, in contrast to the specific procedures set forth regarding inspecting sea-borne cargo. While procedures are specified for sea interdictions, the authority given is ambiguous and optional. Further, DPRK trade in small arms and ammunition is relatively insignificant, and therefore the ban on those exports is unlikely to have a great impact. \nOther CRS Reports may be useful in conducting research on this issue: CRS Report RL30613, North Korea: Terrorism List Removal, by Larry A. Niksch; CRS Report RL33590, North Korea\u2019s Nuclear Weapons Development and Diplomacy, by Larry A. Niksch; CRS Report R40095, Foreign Assistance to North Korea, by Mark E. Manyin and Mary Beth NikitinCRS Report RL32493, North Korea: Economic Leverage and Policy Analysis, by Dick K. Nanto and Emma Chanlett-Avery; CRS Report RL33324, North Korean Counterfeiting of U.S. Currency, by Dick K. Nanto; CRS Report RL34256, North Korea\u2019s Nuclear Weapons: Technical Issues, by Mary Beth Nikitin; and CRS Report RL32097, Weapons of Mass Destruction Counterproliferation: Legal Issues for Ships and Aircraft, by Jennifer K. Elsea.",
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    {
      "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
      "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc809592/",
      "id": "R40684_2009Jul23",
      "date": "2009-07-23",
      "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26",
      "title": "North Korea\u2019s Second Nuclear Test: Implications of U.N. Security Council Resolution 1874",
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    },
    {
      "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
      "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26177/",
      "id": "R40684_2009Jul01",
      "date": "2009-07-01",
      "retrieved": "2010-07-07T17:39:19",
      "title": "North Korea's Second Nuclear Test: Implications of U.N. Security Council Resolution 1874",
      "summary": "The United Nations Security Council unanimously passed Res. 1874 on June 12, 2009, in response to North Korea's second nuclear test. The resolution puts in place a series of sanctions on North Korea's arms sales, luxury goods, and financial transactions related to its weapons programs, and calls upon states to inspect North Korean vessels suspected of carrying such shipments. This report summarizes and analyzes Res. 1874.",
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      "topics": [
        {
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          "id": "Politics and government",
          "name": "Politics and government"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Politics and government - North Korea",
          "name": "Politics and government - North Korea"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Weapons policy",
          "name": "Weapons policy"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Nuclear weapons tests",
          "name": "Nuclear weapons tests"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "International affairs",
          "name": "International affairs"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Trade",
          "name": "Trade"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Sanctions (International law)",
          "name": "Sanctions (International law)"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Asian Affairs",
    "Economic Policy",
    "Foreign Affairs",
    "Industry and Trade",
    "Intelligence and National Security",
    "National Defense"
  ]
}