{ "id": "R40703", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "number": "R40703", "active": true, "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "versions": [ { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 443689, "date": "2015-08-06", "retrieved": "2016-04-06T18:38:47.599562", "title": "Guinea: In Brief", "summary": "Guinea is one of three countries most affected by the Ebola outbreak in West Africa, which has affected the country\u2019s economy, social relations, food security, and politics. A former French colony on West Africa\u2019s Atlantic coast with a population of about 11 million, Guinea is rich in natural resources, but poverty is widespread. President Alpha Cond\u00e9, a former opposition leader, was voted into office in 2010 in Guinea\u2019s first ever presidential election organized by an independent electoral commission and without an incumbent candidate. His inauguration brought an end to a turbulent period of military rule that followed the death in 2008 of longtime leader Lansana Cont\u00e9 (who himself came to power in a military coup). \nAs president, Cond\u00e9 has focused on containing the political influence of the military and improving economic governance, including by overhauling the mining code. However, state institutions remain weak; living conditions remain overwhelmingly poor; ethnic tensions have risen; and opposition activists accuse Cond\u00e9 of authoritarian tendencies. Political unrest appears likely ahead of presidential elections scheduled for October 2015, in which Cond\u00e9 is seeking a second term. Local-level elections have been repeatedly delayed and are the subject of a stand-off between the government and opposition over electoral procedures. \nU.S. engagement in Guinea is focused on health assistance, military professionalization, counter-narcotics issues, and concerns about regional peace and stability. Following the 2008 military coup, the United States identified Guinea\u2019s political transition as a key policy goal in West Africa and made significant diplomatic and financial contributions toward the success of Guinea\u2019s 2010 election process. U.S. bilateral aid is now overwhelmingly focused on health issues. Guinea\u2019s large mineral deposits, including the world\u2019s largest known reserves of bauxite (an ore used in producing aluminum), represent potential strategic and commercial interests for U.S. actors. Guinea\u2019s extractive industries have also drawn recent attention from the U.S. Department of Justice for potential violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. \nCongress plays a role in shaping U.S. engagement through its authorization and appropriation of aid funding, and its oversight of U.S. policies and aid programs. The FY2015 Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act (P.L. 113-235) restricts Guinea\u2019s ability to receive International Military Education and Training (IMET) assistance, except for certain purposes. Similar restrictions have been contained in previous annual foreign aid appropriations measures. The FY2012 National Defense Authorization Act (P.L. 112-81) authorized Guinea, among several West African countries, to receive Defense Department-administered counter-narcotics assistance. During the 111th Congress, two resolutions condemning a massacre of civilian protesters in the capital, Conakry, in September 2009, passed their respective chambers: H.Res. 1013 (Ros-Lehtinen) passed in the House; and S.Res. 345 (Boxer) passed in the Senate. \nSee also CRS Report R43807, FY2015 Funding to Counter Ebola and the Islamic State (IS), coordinated by Susan B. Epstein; CRS In Focus IF10022, The Global Health Security Agenda and International Health Regulations, by Tiaji Salaam-Blyther; and CRS Report R43736, Ebola Virus Disease (Ebola or EVD): Experts List, by Tiaji Salaam-Blyther.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/R40703", "sha1": "62b05b5ea8ff0aa475f5f34d5ac1052bd3c3f662", "filename": "files/20150806_R40703_62b05b5ea8ff0aa475f5f34d5ac1052bd3c3f662.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R40703", "sha1": "e434f70276384989c8fec23fe712feba4c9dfb80", "filename": "files/20150806_R40703_e434f70276384989c8fec23fe712feba4c9dfb80.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 276, "name": "Sub-Saharan Africa" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc812101/", "id": "R40703_2014Dec19", "date": "2014-12-19", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Guinea: In Brief", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20141219_R40703_c0408908fa72d1579006812f42d18528c2b0c125.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20141219_R40703_c0408908fa72d1579006812f42d18528c2b0c125.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc491187/", "id": "R40703_2014Oct16", "date": "2014-10-16", "retrieved": "2015-01-27T19:40:46", "title": "Guinea: In Brief", "summary": "This report provides background information on politics and economy of Guinea. The report discusses human rights and governance in Guinea, as well as the role of military, drug trafficking and mining sector.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20141016_R40703_34590b36b7fa5e173552d6dea26bcfefb10f0a50.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20141016_R40703_34590b36b7fa5e173552d6dea26bcfefb10f0a50.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign policy", "name": "Foreign policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- Guinea -- U.S.", "name": "Foreign relations -- Guinea -- U.S." }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Human rights -- Guinea", "name": "Human rights -- Guinea" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "International affairs", "name": "International affairs" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc817085/", "id": "R40703_2011Jul26", "date": "2011-07-26", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Guinea: Background and Relations with the United States", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20110726_R40703_2828bb74dceb81ff33eb26b37235abbe6bff4ac1.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20110726_R40703_2828bb74dceb81ff33eb26b37235abbe6bff4ac1.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103063/", "id": "R40703_2011Feb22", "date": "2011-02-22", "retrieved": "2012-09-19T20:16:14", "title": "Guinea: Background and Relations with the United States", "summary": "This report discusses the changing political landscape of Guinea. The report also discusses U.S. interests and associated policy challenges in Guinea centering around democratization, counternarcotics issues, regional stability, socioeconomic development, and various other issues.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20110222_R40703_7e6aa0fb30a305ebcdbb8dd8d5d3db800f818394.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20110222_R40703_7e6aa0fb30a305ebcdbb8dd8d5d3db800f818394.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign policy", "name": "Foreign policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Guinea", "name": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Guinea" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- Guinea -- U.S.", "name": "Foreign relations -- Guinea -- U.S." }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Politics and government", "name": "Politics and government" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Politics and government -- Guinea", "name": "Politics and government -- Guinea" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc31342/", "id": "R40703_2010Nov24", "date": "2010-11-24", "retrieved": "2011-03-09T09:26:47", "title": "Guinea: Background and Relations with the United States", "summary": "This report discusses the current political conditions in Guinea, as well as the considerable changes to Guinea's political landscape that have taken place over the past two years. The report also discusses U.S. interests and associated policy challenges in Guinea, centering around democratization, counternarcotics issues, regional stability, and socioeconomic development, among other issues.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20101124_R40703_d40870557e1e8a7fb9baac0acbc85d3200957f8e.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20101124_R40703_d40870557e1e8a7fb9baac0acbc85d3200957f8e.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign policy", "name": "Foreign policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations - U.S. - Guinea", "name": "Foreign relations - U.S. - Guinea" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations - Guinea - U.S.", "name": "Foreign relations - Guinea - U.S." }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Politics and government", "name": "Politics and government" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Politics and government - Guinea", "name": "Politics and government - Guinea" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc491624/", "id": "R40703_2010Jul19", "date": "2010-07-19", "retrieved": "2015-01-27T19:40:46", "title": "Guinea: Background and Relations with the United States", "summary": "This report discusses the current political conditions in Guinea, as well as the considerable changes to Guinea's political landscape that have taken place over the past two years. The report also discusses U.S. interests and associated policy challenges in Guinea, centering around democratization, counternarcotics issues, regional stability, and socioeconomic development, among other issues.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20100719_R40703_d54d4d939f170e5bc549eaf18e8ead2a36a9a1f6.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20100719_R40703_d54d4d939f170e5bc549eaf18e8ead2a36a9a1f6.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign policy", "name": "Foreign policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- Guinea -- U.S.", "name": "Foreign relations -- Guinea -- U.S." }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Guinea", "name": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Guinea" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Politics and government", "name": "Politics and government" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Politics and government -- Guinea", "name": "Politics and government -- Guinea" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc503356/", "id": "R40703_2010Mar22", "date": "2010-03-22", "retrieved": "2015-04-30T17:37:21", "title": "Guinea: Background and Relations with the United States", "summary": "This report discusses the current political conditions in Guinea, as well as the considerable changes to Guinea's political landscape that have taken place over the past two years. The report also discusses U.S. interests and associated policy challenges in Guinea, centering around democratization, counternarcotics issues, regional stability, and socioeconomic development, among other issues.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20100322_R40703_33ec11a8e85e64a2103f62202cff613c4b7f798c.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20100322_R40703_33ec11a8e85e64a2103f62202cff613c4b7f798c.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign policy", "name": "Foreign policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- Guinea -- U.S.", "name": "Foreign relations -- Guinea -- U.S." }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Guinea", "name": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Guinea" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Politics and government", "name": "Politics and government" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Politics and government -- Guinea", "name": "Politics and government -- Guinea" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc627045/", "id": "R40703_2009Nov05", "date": "2009-11-05", "retrieved": "2015-06-15T14:46:40", "title": "Guinea's 2008 Military Coup and Relations with the United States", "summary": "This report analyzes developments since the Guinean military's seizure of power in December 2008, Guinea's relations with the United States, and U.S. policy in the wake of the coup. It also provides background on Guinean history and politics.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20091105_R40703_d63cd39b8998cdf6d73a8b55d06427178beab1e5.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20091105_R40703_d63cd39b8998cdf6d73a8b55d06427178beab1e5.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign policy", "name": "Foreign policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- Guinea -- U.S.", "name": "Foreign relations -- Guinea -- U.S." }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Guinea", "name": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Guinea" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "International affairs", "name": "International affairs" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Politics and government -- Guinea", "name": "Politics and government -- Guinea" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Coups d'etat", "name": "Coups d'etat" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc689448/", "id": "R40703_2009Sep30", "date": "2009-09-30", "retrieved": "2015-08-03T15:06:47", "title": "Guinea's 2008 Military Coup and Relations with the United States", "summary": "This report analyzes developments since the military's seizure of power in December 2008, Guinea's relations with the United States, and U.S. policy in the wake of the coup. It also provides background on Guinean history and politics.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20090930_R40703_b172a1f095a9738fe6f6661c98d2ada95ddc393a.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20090930_R40703_b172a1f095a9738fe6f6661c98d2ada95ddc393a.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Politics and government", "name": "Politics and government" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Politics and government -- Guinea", "name": "Politics and government -- Guinea" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign policy", "name": "Foreign policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Guinea", "name": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Guinea" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- Guinea -- U.S.", "name": "Foreign relations -- Guinea -- U.S." }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "International affairs", "name": "International affairs" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Coups d'etat", "name": "Coups d'etat" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26188/", "id": "R40703_2009Jul16", "date": "2009-07-16", "retrieved": "2010-07-07T17:39:19", "title": "Guinea's 2008 Military Coup and Relations with the United States", "summary": "This report analyzes developments in the Francophone West African country of Guinea since the military's seizure of power in December 2008, Guinea's relations with the United States, and U.S. policy in the wake of the coup. 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