{ "id": "R40764", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "number": "R40764", "active": false, "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "versions": [ { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 387724, "date": "2011-05-13", "retrieved": "2016-04-07T00:51:37.243302", "title": "Department of Defense Contractors in Afghanistan and Iraq: Background and Analysis", "summary": "The critical role contractors play in supporting military operations in Afghanistan and Iraq necessitates that the Department of Defense (DOD) effectively manage contractors during contingency operations. Lack of sufficient contract management can delay or even prevent troops from receiving needed support and can also result in wasteful spending. Some analysts believe that poor contract management has played a role in permitting abuses and crimes committed by certain contractors against local nationals, which may have undermined U.S. counterinsurgency efforts in Afghanistan and Iraq.\nDOD relies extensively upon contractors to support overseas contingency operations. As of March 2011, DOD had more contractor personnel in Afghanistan and Iraq (155,000) than uniformed personnel (145,000). Contractors made up 52% of DOD\u2019s workforce in Afghanistan and Iraq. Since December 2009, the number of DOD contractors in Afghanistan has exceeded the number in Iraq. \nAccording to DOD, in Afghanistan, as of March 2011, there were 90,339 DOD contractor personnel, compared to approximately 99,800 uniformed personnel. Contractors made up 48% of DOD\u2019s workforce in Afghanistan at that time. This compares to December 2008, when contractors represented 69% of DOD\u2019s workforce in Afghanistan. According to DOD data, the recent surge of uniformed personnel in Afghanistan and the increase in contract obligations did not result in a corresponding increase in contractor personnel. \nDOD obligated approximately $11.8 billion on contracts performed primarily in the Afghanistan theater of operations (including surrounding countries) in FY2010, representing 15% of total DOD obligations for the area. From FY2005-FY2010, DOD obligated approximately $33.9 billion on contracts for the Afghanistan theater, representing 16% of total DOD obligations for the area. \nAccording to DOD, in Iraq, as of March 2011, there were 64,253 DOD contractor personnel in Iraq compared to 45,660 uniformed personnel in-country. Contractors made up 58% of DOD\u2019s workforce in Iraq. Contractor and troop levels have decreased every quarter for the last nine quarters. DOD obligated approximately $15.4 billion on contracts in the Iraq theater in FY2010, representing 20% of total DOD obligations for the area. From FY2005-FY2010, DOD obligated approximately $112.1 billion on contracts for the Iraq theater of operations, representing 19% of total DOD obligations for the area.\nA number of analysts have questioned the reliability of DOD\u2019s contractor data. DOD officials have acknowledged data shortcomings and have stated that they are working to improve the reliability and the type of data gathered. DOD is implementing a database to track and monitor contractor personnel during a contingency operation. DOD has also taken a number of steps to try to improve how it manages contractors in Afghanistan and Iraq, including efforts to centralize contracting support and management; implement regulatory and policy changes, train uniformed personnel on how to manage contractors; and increase the size of the acquisition workforce in theater. A number of these initiatives have been reflected in or were the result of legislation.\nThis report provides a detailed analysis of contractor personnel trends and contracting dollars obligated in U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM), Afghanistan, and Iraq.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/R40764", "sha1": "0023bd8210ad0f446230274c8cce4fe0c8a8cc09", "filename": "files/20110513_R40764_0023bd8210ad0f446230274c8cce4fe0c8a8cc09.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R40764", "sha1": "e7bf33ea4676c9547b74692a19622505a727dc07", "filename": "files/20110513_R40764_e7bf33ea4676c9547b74692a19622505a727dc07.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc99010/", "id": "R40764_2011Mar29", "date": "2011-03-29", "retrieved": "2012-08-31T21:48:36", "title": "Department of Defense Contractors in Afghanistan and Iraq: Background and Analysis", "summary": "This report provides a detailed analysis of contractor personnel trends and contracting dollars obligated in U.S. Central Command (CENTCOM), Afghanistan, and Iraq.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20110329_R40764_6860eb86b6efcd84dba8c99eb8447844dac85f5c.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20110329_R40764_6860eb86b6efcd84dba8c99eb8447844dac85f5c.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Defense policy", "name": "Defense policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Defense budgets", "name": "Defense budgets" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- Afghanistan -- U.S.", "name": "Foreign relations -- Afghanistan -- U.S." }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- Iraq -- U.S.", "name": "Foreign relations -- Iraq -- U.S." }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Contractors", "name": "Contractors" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Government contractors", "name": "Government contractors" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc491015/", "id": "R40764_2010Jul02", "date": "2010-07-02", "retrieved": "2015-01-27T19:40:46", "title": "Department of Defense Contractors in Iraq and Afghanistan: Background and Analysis", "summary": "The Department of Defense (DOD) increasingly relies upon contractors to support operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, which has resulted in a DOD workforce that has 19% more contractor personnel (207,600) than uniformed personnel (175,000). This report discusses the issues raised by this fact including (1) what role contractors should play in contingency operations, (2) whether DOD is gathering and analyzing the right data on the use of contractors, (3) what steps DOD is taking to improve contract management and oversight, and (4) the extent to which contractors are being effectively included into military doctrine and strategy. This report examines current contractor trends in Iraq and Afghanistan, the steps DOD has taken to improve contractor oversight and management, and the extent to which DOD has incorporated the role of contractors into its doctrine and strategy. The report also reviews steps Congress has taken to exercise oversight over DOD contracting, including contracting issues that have been the focus of hearings and legislation.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20100702_R40764_8b7c66879a06cf4e3a97712ce2763cf5f0870ab8.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20100702_R40764_8b7c66879a06cf4e3a97712ce2763cf5f0870ab8.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Defense policy", "name": "Defense policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Contractors", "name": "Contractors" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Government contractors", "name": "Government contractors" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Subcontractors", "name": "Subcontractors" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Afghanistan", "name": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Afghanistan" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Iraq", "name": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Iraq" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc491561/", "id": "R40764_2009Dec14", "date": "2009-12-14", "retrieved": "2015-01-27T19:40:46", "title": "Department of Defense Contractors in Iraq and Afghanistan: Background and Analysis", "summary": "The Department of Defense (DOD) increasingly relies upon contractors to support operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, which has resulted in a DOD workforce in those countries comprising approximately a comparable number of contractors (218,000) as uniformed personnel (195,000). This report discusses the issues raised by this fact including (1) what role contractors should play in contingency operations, (2) whether DOD is gathering and analyzing the right data on the use of contractors, (3) what steps DOD is taking to improve contract management and oversight, and (4) the extent to which contractors are being effectively included into military doctrine and strategy. The report examines current contractor trends in Iraq and Afghanistan, the steps DOD has taken to improve contractor oversight and management, and the extent to which DOD has incorporated the role of contractors into its doctrine and strategy. The report also reviews steps Congress has taken to exercise oversight over DOD contracting, including contracting issues that have been the focus of hearings and legislation.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20091214_R40764_2cc43494d50be4fb1384358de1d1df81ad524e6c.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20091214_R40764_2cc43494d50be4fb1384358de1d1df81ad524e6c.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Defense policy", "name": "Defense policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Contractors", "name": "Contractors" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Government contractors", "name": "Government contractors" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Subcontractors", "name": "Subcontractors" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Afghanistan", "name": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Afghanistan" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Iraq", "name": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Iraq" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc491424/", "id": "R40764_2009Sep21", "date": "2009-09-21", "retrieved": "2015-01-27T19:40:46", "title": "Department of Defense Contractors in Iraq and Afghanistan: Background and Analysis", "summary": "The Department of Defense (DOD) increasingly relies upon contractors to support operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, which has resulted in a DOD workforce in those countries comprising approximately a comparable number of contractors (218,000) as uniformed personnel (195,000). This report discusses the issues raised by this fact including (1) what role contractors should play in contingency operations, (2) whether DOD is gathering and analyzing the right data on the use of contractors, (3) what steps DOD is taking to improve contract management and oversight, and (4) the extent to which contractors are being effectively included into military doctrine and strategy. The report examines current contractor trends in Iraq and Afghanistan, the steps DOD has taken to improve contractor oversight and management, and the extent to which DOD has incorporated the role of contractors into its doctrine and strategy. The report also reviews steps Congress has taken to exercise oversight over DOD contracting, including contracting issues that have been the focus of hearings and legislation.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20090921_R40764_53f4c31d7e5f218797300905acd61712c58a6c79.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20090921_R40764_53f4c31d7e5f218797300905acd61712c58a6c79.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Defense policy", "name": "Defense policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Contractors", "name": "Contractors" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Government contractors", "name": "Government contractors" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Subcontractors", "name": "Subcontractors" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Afghanistan", "name": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Afghanistan" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Iraq", "name": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Iraq" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc491482/", "id": "R40764_2009Aug13", "date": "2009-08-13", "retrieved": "2015-01-27T19:40:46", "title": "Department of Defense Contractors in Iraq and Afghanistan: Background and Analysis", "summary": "The Department of Defense (DOD) increasingly relies upon contractors to support operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, which has resulted in a DOD workforce in those countries comprising approximately a comparable number of contractors (218,000) as uniformed personnel (195,000). This report discusses the issues raised by this fact including (1) what role contractors should play in contingency operations, (2) whether DOD is gathering and analyzing the right data on the use of contractors, (3) what steps DOD is taking to improve contract management and oversight, and (4) the extent to which contractors are being effectively included into military doctrine and strategy. The report examines current contractor trends in Iraq and Afghanistan, the steps DOD has taken to improve contractor oversight and management, and the extent to which DOD has incorporated the role of contractors into its doctrine and strategy. The report also reviews steps Congress has taken to exercise oversight over DOD contracting, including contracting issues that have been the focus of hearings and legislation.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20090813_R40764_11f72228958f0a47642534c954cafcae9a22bda5.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20090813_R40764_11f72228958f0a47642534c954cafcae9a22bda5.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Defense policy", "name": "Defense policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Contractors", "name": "Contractors" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Government contractors", "name": "Government contractors" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Subcontractors", "name": "Subcontractors" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Afghanistan", "name": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Afghanistan" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Iraq", "name": "Foreign relations -- U.S. -- Iraq" } ] } ], "topics": [ "Foreign Affairs", "Intelligence and National Security", "National Defense" ] }