{
  "id": "R41990",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "R",
  "number": "R41990",
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      "title": "Federal Holidays: Evolution and Current Practices",
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      "id": "R41990_10_2021-07-01",
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      "id": 430938,
      "date": "2014-05-09",
      "retrieved": "2016-04-06T20:26:02.281966",
      "title": "Federal Holidays: Evolution and Current Practices",
      "summary": "The United States has established by law the following 11 permanent federal holidays, listed in the order they appear in the calendar: New Year\u2019s Day, Martin Luther King Jr.\u2019s Birthday, Inauguration Day (every four years following a presidential election), George Washington\u2019s Birthday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. Although frequently called public or national holidays, these celebrations are only legally applicable to federal employees and the District of Columbia, as the states individually decide their own legal holidays.\nThe first four congressionally designated federal holidays were created in 1870, when Congress granted paid time off to federal workers in the District of Columbia for New Year\u2019s Day, Independence Day, Thanksgiving Day, and Christmas Day. In 1880, George Washington\u2019s Birthday was included. In 1885, Congress extended holiday coverage for some holidays to all federal employees. Although Thanksgiving Day was included in the first holiday bill of 1870, it was not until 1941 that Congress specifically designated the fourth Thursday of November as the official date.\nSince 1888, Congress has added six federal holidays, creating Decoration Day (now Memorial Day) in 1888, Labor Day in 1894, Armistice Day (now Veterans Day) in 1938, Inauguration Day in 1957 (quadrennially and only celebrated in the District of Columbia), Columbus Day in 1968, and Martin Luther King Jr.\u2019s Birthday in 1983. In 1954, Armistice Day was broadened to honor Americans who fought in World War II and the Korean conflict, and the name of the holiday was changed to Veterans Day.\nIn 1968, the Uniform Monday Holiday Act was enacted to \u201cprovide for uniform annual observances\u201d of Washington\u2019s Birthday, Memorial Day, and Veterans Day. Additionally, the Monday Holiday Law established Columbus Day to be celebrated on the second Monday in October. In 1975, Veterans Day celebrations were returned to November 11 by Congress.",
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  "topics": [
    "American Law"
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}