{ "id": "R42853", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "R", "number": "R42853", "active": true, "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov, EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "versions": [ { "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "title": "Nuclear Energy: Overview of Congressional Issues", "retrieved": "2024-02-21T04:03:52.981155", "id": "R42853_35_2024-01-17", "formats": [ { "filename": "files/2024-01-17_R42853_21e0ffc1c3675fc5b2e7167c1679c8d79b1a946b.pdf", "format": "PDF", "url": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R42853/35", "sha1": "21e0ffc1c3675fc5b2e7167c1679c8d79b1a946b" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/2024-01-17_R42853_21e0ffc1c3675fc5b2e7167c1679c8d79b1a946b.html" } ], "date": "2024-01-17", "summary": null, "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov", "typeId": "R", "active": true, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=R42853", "type": "CRS Report" }, { "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "title": "Nuclear Energy: Overview of Congressional Issues", "retrieved": "2024-02-21T04:03:52.978147", "id": "R42853_30_2024-01-08", "formats": [ { "filename": "files/2024-01-08_R42853_01fd7502fbdcbfbc9678a2ea4a017af16c12e2ae.pdf", "format": "PDF", "url": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R42853/30", "sha1": "01fd7502fbdcbfbc9678a2ea4a017af16c12e2ae" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/2024-01-08_R42853_01fd7502fbdcbfbc9678a2ea4a017af16c12e2ae.html" } ], "date": "2024-01-08", "summary": null, "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov", "typeId": "R", "active": true, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=R42853", "type": "CRS Report" }, { "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "title": "Nuclear Energy: Overview of Congressional Issues", "retrieved": "2024-02-21T04:03:52.976408", "id": "R42853_27_2023-12-08", "formats": [ { "filename": "files/2023-12-08_R42853_fb4ba93128e100b340572a4e513baf450f82aa68.pdf", "format": "PDF", "url": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R42853/27", "sha1": "fb4ba93128e100b340572a4e513baf450f82aa68" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/2023-12-08_R42853_fb4ba93128e100b340572a4e513baf450f82aa68.html" } ], "date": "2023-12-08", "summary": null, "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov", "typeId": "R", "active": true, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=R42853", "type": "CRS Report" }, { "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "title": "Nuclear Energy: Overview of Congressional Issues", "retrieved": "2024-02-21T04:03:52.974914", "id": "R42853_25_2021-10-20", "formats": [ { "filename": "files/2021-10-20_R42853_dbb56587e602014760970a31e2f15fefa91bc38e.pdf", "format": "PDF", "url": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R42853/25", "sha1": "dbb56587e602014760970a31e2f15fefa91bc38e" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/2021-10-20_R42853_dbb56587e602014760970a31e2f15fefa91bc38e.html" } ], "date": "2021-10-20", "summary": null, "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov", "typeId": "R", "active": true, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=R42853", "type": "CRS Report" }, { "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "title": "Nuclear Energy: Overview of Congressional Issues", "retrieved": "2024-02-21T04:03:52.973713", "id": "R42853_23_2021-05-06", "formats": [ { "filename": "files/2021-05-06_R42853_36ddf7d7f5c43c8ef9ba6eb14c2c532485a12b2a.pdf", "format": "PDF", "url": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R42853/23", "sha1": "36ddf7d7f5c43c8ef9ba6eb14c2c532485a12b2a" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/2021-05-06_R42853_36ddf7d7f5c43c8ef9ba6eb14c2c532485a12b2a.html" } ], "date": "2021-05-06", "summary": null, "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov", "typeId": "R", "active": true, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=R42853", "type": "CRS Report" }, { "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "title": "Nuclear Energy: Overview of Congressional Issues", "retrieved": "2024-02-21T04:03:52.971575", "id": "R42853_20_2020-07-16", "formats": [ { "filename": "files/2020-07-16_R42853_7871f31093ff095e4e8e92e20cd49f3b08b0d2ac.pdf", "format": "PDF", "url": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R42853/20", "sha1": "7871f31093ff095e4e8e92e20cd49f3b08b0d2ac" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/2020-07-16_R42853_7871f31093ff095e4e8e92e20cd49f3b08b0d2ac.html" } ], "date": "2020-07-16", "summary": null, "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov", "typeId": "R", "active": true, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=R42853", "type": "CRS Report" }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 608279, "date": "2019-11-14", "retrieved": "2019-12-13T15:24:31.692313", "title": "Nuclear Energy: Overview of Congressional Issues", "summary": "The policy debate over the role of nuclear power in the nation\u2019s energy mix is rooted in the technology\u2019s fundamental characteristics. Nuclear reactors can produce potentially vast amounts of useful energy with relatively low consumption of natural resources and emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. However, facilities that produce nuclear fuel for civilian power reactors can also produce materials for nuclear weapons. In addition, the process of nuclear fission (splitting of atomic nuclei) to generate power produces radioactive material that can remain hazardous for thousands of years and must be contained. How to manage the weapons proliferation and safety risks of nuclear power, or whether the benefits of nuclear power are worth those risks, are issues that have long been debated in Congress.\nThe 96 licensed nuclear power reactors at 57 sites in the United States generate about 20% of the nation\u2019s electricity. Two new reactors are currently under construction. About a dozen more are planned, but with no specific construction dates. Whether they will eventually move forward will depend largely on their economic competitiveness with natural gas and renewable energy sources. Similar economic forces are affecting existing reactors. Nine U.S. reactors were permanently closed from 2013 through November 2019, and 10 more are planned for closure through the mid-2020s.\nThe Department of Energy (DOE) and its predecessor agencies for decades have conducted research on \u201cadvanced\u201d reactor technologies, such as fast neutron reactors, that would differ significantly from existing commercial nuclear plants and potentially be far smaller. Proponents of advanced reactors contend that they would be safer, more efficient, and less expensive to build and operate than today\u2019s conventional light water reactors (LWRs).\nHighly radioactive spent nuclear fuel that is regularly removed from nuclear power plants is currently stored at plant sites in the United States. Development of a permanent underground repository at Yucca Mountain, NV, was suspended by the Obama Administration. The Trump Administration requested funding for FY2018 and FY2019 to revive the program, but it was not approved by Congress. The Administration requested Yucca Mountain funding again for FY2020, but it was not approved by the House or by the Senate Appropriations Committee. \nThe Obama Administration had appointed the Blue Ribbon Commission on America\u2019s Nuclear Future to recommend an alternative approach to the Nuclear Waste Policy Act\u2019s focus on Yucca Mountain. In response to the commission\u2019s recommendations, DOE issued a waste strategy in January 2013 that called for the selection of new candidate sites for nuclear waste storage and disposal facilities through a \u201cconsent-based\u201d process and for a surface storage pilot facility to open by 2021. However, Congress has not enacted legislation for such a strategy, so Yucca Mountain remains the sole authorized candidate site.\nThe March 2011 disaster at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant in Japan increased attention to nuclear safety throughout the world. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), which issues and enforces nuclear safety requirements, established a task force to identify lessons from Fukushima applicable to U.S. reactors. The task force\u2019s report led to NRC\u2019s first Fukushima-related regulatory requirements on March 12, 2012. Several other countries, such as Germany and Japan, eliminated or reduced their planned future reliance on nuclear power after the accident.\nThe level of security that must be provided at nuclear power plants has been a high-profile issue since the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the United States in 2001. Since those attacks, NRC issued a series of orders and regulations that substantially increased nuclear plant security requirements, although industry critics contend that those measures are still insufficient.\nEncouraging exports of U.S. civilian nuclear products, services, and technology while making sure they are not used for foreign nuclear weapons programs has long been a fundamental goal of U.S. nuclear energy policy. Recent proposals to build nuclear power plants in several countries in the less developed world, including the Middle East, have prompted concerns that international controls may prove inadequate.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/R42853", "sha1": "a6179fcb983db6963dc0521478e3cedb58270db1", "filename": "files/20191114_R42853_a6179fcb983db6963dc0521478e3cedb58270db1.html", "images": {} }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R42853", "sha1": "2eed74a1ea678078879ad843bd972e837b8910cc", "filename": "files/20191114_R42853_2eed74a1ea678078879ad843bd972e837b8910cc.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4907, "name": "Energy Policy" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 587837, "date": "2018-11-16", "retrieved": "2019-04-18T13:24:49.758490", "title": "Nuclear Energy: Overview of Congressional Issues", "summary": "The policy debate over the role of nuclear power in the nation\u2019s energy mix is rooted in the technology\u2019s fundamental characteristics. Nuclear reactors can produce potentially vast amounts of useful energy with relatively low consumption of natural resources and emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. However, facilities that produce nuclear fuel for civilian power reactors can also produce materials for nuclear weapons. In addition, the process of nuclear fission (splitting of atomic nuclei) to generate power produces radioactive material that can remain hazardous for thousands of years and must be contained. How to manage the weapons proliferation and safety risks of nuclear power, or whether the benefits of nuclear power are worth those risks, are issues that have long been debated in Congress.\nThe 98 licensed nuclear power reactors at 59 sites in the United States generate about 20% of the nation\u2019s electricity. Two new reactors are currently under construction. About a dozen more are planned, but with no specific construction dates. Whether they will eventually move forward will depend largely on their economic competitiveness with natural gas and renewable energy sources. Throughout the world, 451 reactors are currently in service or operable, and 54 more are under construction, according to the World Nuclear Association.\nThe March 2011 disaster at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant in Japan increased attention to nuclear safety throughout the world. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), which issues and enforces nuclear safety requirements, established a task force to identify lessons from Fukushima applicable to U.S. reactors. The task force\u2019s report led to NRC\u2019s first Fukushima-related regulatory requirements on March 12, 2012. Several other countries, such as Germany and Japan, eliminated or reduced their planned future reliance on nuclear power after the accident.\nHighly radioactive spent nuclear fuel that is regularly removed from nuclear power plants is currently stored at plant sites in the United States. Development of a permanent underground repository at Yucca Mountain, NV, was suspended by the Obama Administration. The Trump Administration requested funding for FY2018 and FY2019 to revive the program, but it was not approved by Congress. The House voted to provide Yucca Mountain funding in both years, but the Senate provided no funding, and it was not included in the final bills. \nThe Obama Administration had appointed the Blue Ribbon Commission on America\u2019s Nuclear Future to recommend an alternative approach to the Nuclear Waste Policy Act\u2019s focus on Yucca Mountain. In response to the commission\u2019s recommendations, the Department of Energy issued a waste strategy in January 2013 that called for the selection of new candidate sites for nuclear waste storage and disposal facilities through a \u201cconsent-based\u201d process and for a surface storage pilot facility to open by 2021. However, Congress has not enacted legislation for such a strategy, so Yucca Mountain remains the sole authorized candidate site.\nThe level of security that must be provided at nuclear power plants has been a high-profile issue since the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the United States in 2001. Since those attacks, NRC issued a series of orders and regulations that substantially increased nuclear plant security requirements, although industry critics contend that those measures are still insufficient.\nEncouraging exports of U.S. civilian nuclear products, services, and technology while making sure they are not used for foreign nuclear weapons programs has long been a fundamental goal of U.S. nuclear energy policy. Recent proposals to build nuclear power plants in several countries in the less developed world, including the Middle East, have prompted concerns that international controls may prove inadequate.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/R42853", "sha1": "872108a4ce6a5d642174c35eaddf47e0ceefb6f2", "filename": "files/20181116_R42853_872108a4ce6a5d642174c35eaddf47e0ceefb6f2.html", "images": {} }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R42853", "sha1": "69013a8247d990673f67dcf550bdb2180a723058", "filename": "files/20181116_R42853_69013a8247d990673f67dcf550bdb2180a723058.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4907, "name": "Energy Policy" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 585308, "date": "2018-08-13", "retrieved": "2018-10-05T22:46:38.876565", "title": "Nuclear Energy: Overview of Congressional Issues", "summary": "The policy debate over the role of nuclear power in the nation\u2019s energy mix is rooted in the technology\u2019s fundamental characteristics. Nuclear reactors can produce potentially vast amounts of useful energy with relatively low consumption of natural resources and emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. However, facilities that produce nuclear fuel for civilian power reactors can also produce materials for nuclear weapons. In addition, the process of nuclear fission (splitting of atomic nuclei) to generate power produces radioactive material that can remain hazardous for thousands of years and must be contained. How to manage the weapons proliferation and safety risks of nuclear power, or whether the benefits of nuclear power are worth those risks, are issues that have long been debated in Congress.\nThe 99 licensed nuclear power reactors at 60 sites in the United States generate about 20% of the nation\u2019s electricity. Two new reactors are currently under construction. About a dozen more are planned, but whether they will eventually move forward will depend largely on their economic competitiveness with natural gas and renewable energy sources. Throughout the world, 451 reactors are currently in service or operable, and 58 more are under construction.\nThe March 2011 disaster at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant in Japan increased attention to nuclear safety throughout the world. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), which issues and enforces nuclear safety requirements, established a task force to identify lessons from Fukushima applicable to U.S. reactors. The task force\u2019s report led to NRC\u2019s first Fukushima-related regulatory requirements on March 12, 2012. Several other countries, such as Germany and Japan, eliminated or reduced their planned future reliance on nuclear power after the accident.\nHighly radioactive spent nuclear fuel that is regularly removed from nuclear power plants is currently stored at plant sites in the United States. Development of a permanent underground repository at Yucca Mountain, NV, was suspended by the Obama Administration, but the Trump Administration has requested funding for FY2019 to revive the program. The House approved $100 million above the Administration request for Yucca Mountain for FY2019, but the Senate did not provide any funding. As of this update, the FY2019 funding bill (H.R. 5895) was awaiting conference action.\nThe Obama Administration had appointed the Blue Ribbon Commission on America\u2019s Nuclear Future to recommend an alternative approach to the Nuclear Waste Policy Act\u2019s focus on Yucca Mountain. In response to the commission\u2019s recommendations, the Department of Energy issued a waste strategy in January 2013 that called for the selection of new candidate sites for nuclear waste storage and disposal facilities through a \u201cconsent-based\u201d process and for a surface storage pilot facility to open by 2021. However, Congress has not enacted legislation for such a strategy, so Yucca Mountain remains the sole authorized candidate site.\nThe level of security that must be provided at nuclear power plants has been a high-profile issue since the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the United States in 2001. Since those attacks, NRC issued a series of orders and regulations that substantially increased nuclear plant security requirements, although industry critics contend that those measures are still insufficient.\nEncouraging exports of U.S. civilian nuclear products, services, and technology while making sure they are not used for foreign nuclear weapons programs has long been a fundamental goal of U.S. nuclear energy policy. Recent proposals to build nuclear power plants in several countries in the less developed world, including the Middle East, have prompted concerns that international controls may prove inadequate.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/R42853", "sha1": "0900978bf3add7a56a68b3873a8816babfd806c7", "filename": "files/20180813_R42853_0900978bf3add7a56a68b3873a8816babfd806c7.html", "images": {} }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R42853", "sha1": "64b57090077245fbb7dc80db3c38d3c47ec60e38", "filename": "files/20180813_R42853_64b57090077245fbb7dc80db3c38d3c47ec60e38.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4907, "name": "Energy Policy" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 576356, "date": "2017-11-27", "retrieved": "2018-05-10T12:02:29.975965", "title": "Nuclear Energy: Overview of Congressional Issues", "summary": "The policy debate over the role of nuclear power in the nation\u2019s energy mix is rooted in the technology\u2019s fundamental characteristics. Nuclear reactors can produce potentially vast amounts of useful energy with relatively low consumption of natural resources and emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. However, facilities that produce nuclear fuel for civilian power reactors can also produce materials for nuclear weapons. In addition, the process of nuclear fission (splitting of atomic nuclei) to generate power produces radioactive material that can remain hazardous for thousands of years and must be contained. How to manage the weapons proliferation and safety risks of nuclear power, or whether the benefits of nuclear power are worth those risks, are issues that have long been debated in Congress.\nThe 99 licensed nuclear power reactors at 60 sites in the United States generate about 20% of the nation\u2019s electricity. Two new reactors are currently under construction. About a dozen more are planned, but whether they will eventually move forward will depend largely on their economic competitiveness with natural gas and coal plants. Throughout the world, 447 reactors are currently in service or operable, and 56 more are under construction.\nThe March 2011 disaster at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant in Japan increased attention to nuclear safety throughout the world. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), which issues and enforces nuclear safety requirements, established a task force to identify lessons from Fukushima applicable to U.S. reactors. The task force\u2019s report led to NRC\u2019s first Fukushima-related regulatory requirements on March 12, 2012. Several other countries, such as Germany and Japan, eliminated or reduced their planned future reliance on nuclear power after the accident.\nHighly radioactive spent nuclear fuel that is regularly removed from nuclear power plants is currently stored at plant sites in the United States. Development of a permanent underground repository at Yucca Mountain, NV, was suspended by the Obama Administration, but the Trump Administration has requested funding for FY2018 to revive the program. The House has approved the Yucca Mountain funds, but the Senate Appropriations Committee did not, following a pattern of recent years.\nThe Obama Administration had appointed the Blue Ribbon Commission on America\u2019s Nuclear Future to recommend an alternative approach to the Nuclear Waste Policy Act\u2019s focus on Yucca Mountain. In response to the commission\u2019s recommendations, the Department of Energy issued a new waste strategy in January 2013 that called for the selection of new candidate sites for nuclear waste storage and disposal facilities through a \u201cconsent-based\u201d process and for a surface storage pilot facility to open by 2021. However, a new nuclear waste policy has not been enacted by Congress, so Yucca Mountain remains the sole authorized candidate site.\nThe level of security that must be provided at nuclear power plants has been a high-profile issue since the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the United States in 2001. Since those attacks, NRC issued a series of orders and regulations that substantially increased nuclear plant security requirements, although industry critics contend that those measures are still insufficient.\nEncouraging exports of U.S. civilian nuclear products, services, and technology while making sure they are not used for foreign nuclear weapons programs has long been a fundamental goal of U.S. nuclear energy policy. Recent proposals to build nuclear power plants in several countries in the less developed world, including the Middle East, have prompted concerns that international controls may prove inadequate.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/R42853", "sha1": "958eda0f4749f11c01da737209e8e7ecce7f4df5", "filename": "files/20171127_R42853_958eda0f4749f11c01da737209e8e7ecce7f4df5.html", "images": {} }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R42853", "sha1": "6be6c75fdefb062fd6baa7bf6bfb9ad4c8d662dd", "filename": "files/20171127_R42853_6be6c75fdefb062fd6baa7bf6bfb9ad4c8d662dd.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4907, "name": "Energy Policy" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 448339, "date": "2015-12-23", "retrieved": "2016-04-06T17:39:46.119449", "title": "Nuclear Energy: Overview of Congressional Issues", "summary": "The policy debate over the role of nuclear power in the nation\u2019s energy mix is rooted in the technology\u2019s fundamental characteristics. Nuclear reactors can produce potentially vast amounts of useful energy with relatively low consumption of natural resources and emissions of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. However, facilities that produce nuclear fuel for civilian power reactors can also produce materials for nuclear weapons. In addition, the process of nuclear fission (splitting of atomic nuclei) to generate power results in the production of radioactive material that must be contained and can remain hazardous for thousands of years. How to manage the weapons proliferation and safety risks of nuclear power, or whether the benefits of nuclear power are worth those risks, are issues that have long been debated in Congress.\nThe 100 licensed nuclear power reactors at 61 sites in the United States generate about 20% of the nation\u2019s electricity. Four new reactors are currently under construction. About a dozen more are planned, but whether they move forward will depend largely on their economic competitiveness with natural gas and coal plants. Throughout the world, 438 reactors are currently in service or operable, and 65 more are under construction.\nThe March 2011 disaster at the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant in Japan increased attention to nuclear safety throughout the world. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), which issues and enforces nuclear safety requirements, established a task force to identify lessons from Fukushima applicable to U.S. reactors. The task force\u2019s report led to NRC\u2019s first Fukushima-related regulatory requirements on March 12, 2012. Several other countries, such as Germany and Japan, eliminated or reduced their planned future reliance on nuclear power after the accident.\nHighly radioactive spent nuclear fuel that is regularly removed from nuclear power plants is currently stored at plant sites in the United States. Plans for a permanent underground repository at Yucca Mountain, NV, were abandoned by the Obama Administration, which appointed the Blue Ribbon Commission on America\u2019s Nuclear Future to recommend an alternative nuclear waste policy. In response to the commission\u2019s recommendations, the Department of Energy (DOE) issued a new waste strategy in January 2013 that calls for the selection of new candidate sites for nuclear waste storage and disposal facilities through a \u201cconsent-based\u201d process and for a surface storage pilot facility to open by 2021. However, a new nuclear waste policy has not been enacted by Congress.\nThe level of security that must be provided at nuclear power plants has been a high-profile issue since the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the United States in 2001. Since those attacks, NRC issued a series of orders and regulations that substantially increased nuclear plant security requirements, although industry critics contend that those measures are still insufficient.\nEncouraging exports of U.S. civilian nuclear products, services, and technology while making sure they are not used for foreign nuclear weapons programs has long been a fundamental goal of U.S. nuclear energy policy. Recent proposals to build nuclear power plants in several countries in the less developed world, including the Middle East, have prompted concerns that international controls may prove inadequate.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/R42853", "sha1": "9ce5bd92210bcadede57f53cd98f6459f76715fc", "filename": "files/20151223_R42853_9ce5bd92210bcadede57f53cd98f6459f76715fc.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R42853", "sha1": "2f3e3ba5a6518319d1c93b6977e4cab6f1d64d68", "filename": "files/20151223_R42853_2f3e3ba5a6518319d1c93b6977e4cab6f1d64d68.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 2599, "name": "Nuclear Energy" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc462332/", "id": "R42853_2014Mar14", "date": "2014-03-14", "retrieved": "2014-12-05T09:57:41", "title": "Nuclear Energy: Overview of Congressional Issues", "summary": "This report provides synthesis of key issues regarding nuclear energy and discusses basics facts and statistics, as well as major nuclear energy issues.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20140314_R42853_9929a1d1c102e27b65baa7f7cb2d7edb37e8ab51.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20140314_R42853_9929a1d1c102e27b65baa7f7cb2d7edb37e8ab51.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Nuclear industry", "name": "Nuclear industry" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Nuclear energy", "name": "Nuclear energy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Nuclear energy research facilities", "name": "Nuclear energy research facilities" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc462854/", "id": "R42853_2013Apr29", "date": "2013-04-29", "retrieved": "2014-12-05T09:57:41", "title": "Nuclear Energy: Overview of Congressional Issues", "summary": "This report discusses issues regarding the use of nuclear energy in light of the Fukushima Dai-ichi disaster, which has lead several countries to reconsider the breadth of their nuclear programs. The report provides basic facts and statistics and then focuses specifically on major issues including safety, radioactive waste, policy, emergency response, and the nonproliferation of nuclear weapons.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20130429_R42853_6db5f4179ad900d1d59c51126745b7bc9c33b999.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20130429_R42853_6db5f4179ad900d1d59c51126745b7bc9c33b999.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Energy", "name": "Energy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Nuclear energy", "name": "Nuclear energy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Nuclear reactors", "name": "Nuclear reactors" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Nuclear industry", "name": "Nuclear industry" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Nuclear nonproliferation", "name": "Nuclear nonproliferation" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc811796/", "id": "R42853_2012Dec11", "date": "2012-12-11", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Nuclear Energy: Overview of Congressional Issues", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20121211_R42853_22e656a21ede7b8d424587bd7adce4df4fc63659.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20121211_R42853_22e656a21ede7b8d424587bd7adce4df4fc63659.html" } ], "topics": [] } ], "topics": [ "Energy Policy", "Environmental Policy", "Foreign Affairs", "Intelligence and National Security", "National Defense" ] }