{
  "id": "R43469",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "R43469",
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  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
  "versions": [
    {
      "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
      "id": 430524,
      "date": "2014-04-24",
      "retrieved": "2016-04-06T23:02:17.403384",
      "title": "Analysis of S. 2198: Emergency Drought Relief Act of 2014",
      "summary": "Over the past five years, portions of the country have been gripped with extensive drought, including the state of California. Drought conditions in California are exceptional and extreme in much of the state, including in prime agricultural areas of the Central Valley, according to the U.S. Drought Monitor. Such conditions pose significant challenges to water managers who before this dry winter were already grappling with below-normal surface water storage in the states largest reservoirs. Groundwater levels in many areas of the state also have declined due to increased pumping over the last three dry years. While recent rains have improved the water year outlook somewhatmoving the year from the driest on record in terms of precipitation to date to the third-driestwater managers are fearful of the long-term impacts of a relatively dry winter and little existing snowpack to refresh supplies later in the year.\nBecause of the extent of the drought in California, drought impacts are varied and widespread. Most of the San Joaquin Valley is in exceptional drought, and federal and state water supply allotments are at historic lows. Many farmers are fallowing lands and some are removing permanent tree crops. Cities and towns have also been affected, and the governor has requested voluntary water use cutbacks of 20%. The effects of the drought are also likely to be felt on fish and wildlife species and the recreational and commercial activities they support, potentially including North Coast salmon fisheries. The intensity of the drought in California has generated congressional interest. \nSeveral bills have been introduced to address drought conditions in California. This report discusses S. 2198, which would address drought impacts in California and other states, and assist with drought response. This bill has two titles. Title I contains provisions ranging from mandating maximization of California water supplies through specific project development, management, and operations directives and addressing project environmental reviewsas long as actions are consistent with applicable law and regulations and not highly inefficientto reauthorizing several water resources management laws. In addressing drought effects, Title I also would address project operations that relate to long-standing and controversial issues associated with management of the federal Bureau of Reclamations Central Valley Project (CVP) and the California Department of Water Resources State Water Project (SWP). Title II would expand the assistance potentially available under an emergency declaration for drought (or other emergency) pursuant to the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act, as amended.",
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      "topics": []
    },
    {
      "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
      "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc287967/",
      "id": "R43469_2014Apr07",
      "date": "2014-04-07",
      "retrieved": "2014-06-05T20:55:02",
      "title": "Analysis of S. 2198: Emergency Drought Relief Act of 2014",
      "summary": "This report discusses S. 2198, which would address drought impacts in California and other states, and assist with drought response.",
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORT",
      "active": false,
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      ],
      "topics": [
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Droughts",
          "name": "Droughts"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Disasters",
          "name": "Disasters"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Emergency management",
          "name": "Emergency management"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "topics": [
    "American Law",
    "Economic Policy",
    "Energy Policy",
    "Environmental Policy"
  ]
}