{ "id": "R43908", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "R", "number": "R43908", "active": true, "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov, EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "versions": [ { "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "title": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology: An Appropriations Overview", "retrieved": "2022-11-09T04:05:00.222792", "id": "R43908_45_2022-09-26", "formats": [ { "filename": "files/2022-09-26_R43908_274eaf432c40f57e5ca78479430afaa2b11692eb.pdf", "format": "PDF", "url": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R43908/45", "sha1": "274eaf432c40f57e5ca78479430afaa2b11692eb" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/2022-09-26_R43908_274eaf432c40f57e5ca78479430afaa2b11692eb.html" } ], "date": "2022-09-26", "summary": null, "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov", "typeId": "R", "active": true, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=R43908", "type": "CRS Report" }, { "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "title": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology: An Appropriations Overview", "retrieved": "2022-11-09T04:05:00.222308", "id": "R43908_44_2021-07-01", "formats": [ { "filename": "files/2021-07-01_R43908_5b2cf9af3ec0b68df813cbf25f84d22c727cefe7.pdf", "format": "PDF", "url": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R43908/44", "sha1": "5b2cf9af3ec0b68df813cbf25f84d22c727cefe7" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/2021-07-01_R43908_5b2cf9af3ec0b68df813cbf25f84d22c727cefe7.html" } ], "date": "2021-07-01", "summary": null, "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov", "typeId": "R", "active": true, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=R43908", "type": "CRS Report" }, { "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "title": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology: An Appropriations Overview", "retrieved": "2022-11-09T04:05:00.221114", "id": "R43908_42_2020-12-15", "formats": [ { "filename": "files/2020-12-15_R43908_b1408102a70504324ac6219c45fc03f7693570d7.pdf", "format": "PDF", "url": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R43908/42", "sha1": "b1408102a70504324ac6219c45fc03f7693570d7" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/2020-12-15_R43908_b1408102a70504324ac6219c45fc03f7693570d7.html" } ], "date": "2020-12-15", "summary": null, "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov", "typeId": "R", "active": true, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=R43908", "type": "CRS Report" }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 617898, "date": "2020-02-25", "retrieved": "2020-02-25T23:15:38.096671", "title": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology: An Appropriations Overview", "summary": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), a laboratory of the Department of Commerce, is mandated to provide technical services to facilitate the competitiveness of U.S. industry. NIST is directed to offer support to the private sector for the development of precompetitive generic technologies and the diffusion of government-developed innovation to users in all segments of the American economy. Laboratory research is to provide measurement, calibration, and quality assurance techniques that underpin U.S. commerce, technological progress, improved product reliability, manufacturing processes, and public safety.\nConcerns about the adequacy of federal funding for physical science and engineering research led to efforts by successive Presidents and Congresses to double funding for the NIST laboratory and construction accounts, together with the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy Office of Science. President Bush\u2019s proposal was to do so over 10 years; the America COMPETES Act (P.L. 110-69) set authorization levels consistent with a seven-year doubling and the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 set authorization levels consistent with an 11-year doubling. However, appropriations did not keep pace with authorization levels or presidential requests. In addition, the appropriations authorizations for the accounts targeted for doubling lapsed at the end of FY2013. Appropriations for the targeted NIST accounts increased by 42.3% from FY2006 to FY2016. \nFunding for NIST extramural programs directed toward increased private sector commercialization has been a topic of congressional debate. Some Members of Congress have expressed skepticism over a \u201ctechnology policy\u201d based on providing federal funds to industry for development of precompetitive generic technologies. This approach, coupled with pressures to balance the federal budget, led to significant reductions in funding for NIST. The Advanced Technology Program (ATP) and the Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), which accounted for over 50% of the FY1995 NIST budget, were subsequently proposed for elimination. In 2007, ATP was terminated and replaced by the Technology Innovation Program (TIP). TIP was subsequently defunded in the FY2012 appropriations legislation. President Trump has proposed the elimination of federal funding for the MEP program in fiscal years 2018 to 2021.\nIn December 2014, Congress enacted the Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014 (Title VII of Division B of P.L. 113-235), establishing a Network for Manufacturing Innovation (also referred to as Manufacturing USA). The explanatory statement accompanying the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 (P.L. 114-113) directed NIST to use an open competition to select the technological focus areas of industry-driven manufacturing institutes. Upon completion of its first competition, NIST announced its selection of the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL). In total, 14 NNMI institutes have been sponsored by the Department of Defense (DOD, eight institutes), Department of Energy (six institutes), and Department of Commerce (one institute). A new DOD-sponsored instituted is being competed in FY2020. A second NIST-sponsored institute has been requested in the President\u2019s budget.\nFor FY2020, Congress provided $1,034.0 billion for NIST, including $754.0 million for the Scientific and Technical Research and Services (STRS) account, $162.0 million for the Industrial Technology Services (ITS) account, and $118.0 million for the Construction of Research Facilities (CRF) account. Within the ITS account, Congress provided $146.0 million for the Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP) program and $16.0 million for Manufacturing USA, including ongoing support for NIST\u2019s first institute, the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL), and support for coordination of the Manufacturing USA network.\nThe President is requesting $737.5 million for NIST in FY2021, a decrease of $296.5 million (28.7%) from the FY2020 enacted appropriation of $1,034.0 million. Included in the FY2021 request is $652 million for the STRS account, a decrease of $102.0 million (13.5%); $25.3 million for the ITS account, down $136.7 million (84.4%); and $60.2 million for the NIST CRF account for FY2020, down $57.8 million (49.0%). Within the ITS account, the request would provide no funding for the Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP) program, a reduction of $146.0 million from the FY2020 enacted level. The FY2021 ITS request includes $25.3 million for Manufacturing USA, an increase of $9.3 million (58.1%). Of these funds, $11.2 million would be for continued support of NIST\u2019s first Manufacturing USA institute, the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL); $9.1 million would be for the award of a second Manufacturing USA institute; and $5.0 million would be for coordination of the Manufacturing USA network. 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NIST is directed to offer support to the private sector for the development of precompetitive generic technologies and the diffusion of government-developed innovation to users in all segments of the American economy. Laboratory research is to provide measurement, calibration, and quality assurance techniques that underpin U.S. commerce, technological progress, improved product reliability, manufacturing processes, and public safety.\nConcerns about the adequacy of federal funding for physical science and engineering research led to efforts by successive Presidents and Congresses to double funding for the NIST laboratory and construction accounts, together with the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy Office of Science. President Bush\u2019s proposal was to do so over 10 years; the America COMPETES Act (P.L. 110-69) set authorization levels consistent with a seven-year doubling and the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 set authorization levels consistent with an 11-year doubling. However, appropriations did not keep pace with authorization levels or presidential requests. In addition, the appropriations authorizations for the accounts targeted for doubling lapsed at the end of FY2013. Appropriations for the targeted NIST accounts increased by 42.3% from FY2006 to FY2016. \nFunding for NIST extramural programs directed toward increased private sector commercialization has been a topic of congressional debate. Some Members of Congress have expressed skepticism over a \u201ctechnology policy\u201d based on providing federal funds to industry for development of precompetitive generic technologies. This approach, coupled with pressures to balance the federal budget, led to significant reductions in funding for NIST. The Advanced Technology Program (ATP) and the Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), which accounted for over 50% of the FY1995 NIST budget, were subsequently proposed for elimination. In 2007, ATP was terminated and replaced by the Technology Innovation Program (TIP). TIP was subsequently defunded in the FY2012 appropriations legislation. President Trump proposed the elimination of federal funding for the MEP program in FY2018, FY2019, and FY2020.\nIn December 2014, Congress enacted the Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014 (Title VII of Division B of P.L. 113-235), establishing a Network for Manufacturing Innovation (also referred to as Manufacturing USA). The explanatory statement accompanying the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 (P.L. 114-113) directed NIST to use an open competition to select the technological focus areas of industry-driven manufacturing institutes. Upon completion of its first competition, NIST announced its selection of the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL). In total, 14 NNMI institutes have been established, eight by the Department of Defense, five by the Department of Energy, and one by the Department of Commerce.\nCongress provided $1,034.0 billion for NIST for FY2020, an increase of $48.5 million (4.9%) above the FY2019 level and $59.2 million (6.1%) above President Trump\u2019s request. The President\u2019s request would have reduced funding for the NIST R&D, standards coordination, and related services in the Scientific and Technical Research and Services (STRS) account, proposing $611.7 million for FY2020, a decrease of $112.8 million (15.6%) from the FY2019 level; Congress provided $754.0 million for STRS, $29.5 (4.1%) million above the FY2019 level and $142.3 million (23.3%) above the request. In the Industrial Technology Services (ITS) account, the President sought to eliminate funding for the NIST Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP) program for FY2020; Congress provided $146.0 million, $6.0 million (4.3%) more than for FY2019. The request also included $15.2 million in FY2020 ITS funding for the for Manufacturing USA activities, essentially the same as in FY2019; Congress provided $16.0 million for FY2020 for continued support of NIIMBL and coordination of the Manufacturing USA network. While the President requested $59.9 million for the Construction of Research Facilities (CRF) account in the NIST budget justification, the President\u2019s budget also sought the establishment of a revolving fund, to be managed by the General Services Administration (GSA), to be funded through mandatory appropriations. In the President\u2019s budget, a portion of these funds were intended to provide $288.0 million to NIST in FY2020 to support additional NIST construction needs. The Congressional Budget Office scored these funds as an additional request for discretionary CRF funds, bringing the total NIST CRF request to $347.9 million. 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NIST is directed to offer support to the private sector for the development of precompetitive generic technologies and the diffusion of government-developed innovation to users in all segments of the American economy. Laboratory research is to provide measurement, calibration, and quality assurance techniques that underpin U.S. commerce, technological progress, improved product reliability, manufacturing processes, and public safety.\nConcerns about the adequacy of federal funding for physical science and engineering research led to efforts by successive Presidents and Congresses to double funding for the NIST laboratory and construction accounts, together with the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy Office of Science. President Bush\u2019s proposal was to do so over 10 years; the America COMPETES Act (P.L. 110-69) set authorization levels consistent with a seven-year doubling and the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 set authorization levels consistent with an 11-year doubling. However, appropriations did not keep pace with authorization levels or presidential requests. In addition, the appropriations authorizations for the accounts targeted for doubling lapsed at the end of FY2013. Appropriations for the targeted NIST accounts increased by 42.3% from FY2006 to FY2016. \nFunding for NIST extramural programs directed toward increased private sector commercialization has been a topic of congressional debate. Some Members of Congress have expressed skepticism over a \u201ctechnology policy\u201d based on providing federal funds to industry for development of precompetitive generic technologies. This approach, coupled with pressures to balance the federal budget, led to significant reductions in funding for NIST. The Advanced Technology Program (ATP) and the Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), which accounted for over 50% of the FY1995 NIST budget, were subsequently proposed for elimination. In 2007, ATP was terminated and replaced by the Technology Innovation Program (TIP). TIP was subsequently defunded in the FY2012 appropriations legislation. President Trump proposed the elimination of federal funding for the MEP program in FY2018, FY2019, and FY2020.\nIn December 2014, Congress enacted the Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014 (Title VII of Division B of P.L. 113-235), establishing a Network for Manufacturing Innovation (also referred to as Manufacturing USA). The explanatory statement accompanying the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 (P.L. 114-113) directed NIST to use an open competition to select the technological focus areas of industry-driven manufacturing institutes. Upon completion of its first competition, NIST announced its selection of the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL). In total, 14 NNMI institutes have been established, eight by the Department of Defense, five by the Department of Energy, and one by the Department of Commerce.\nCongress provided $1,034.0 billion for NIST for FY2020, an increase of $48.5 million (4.9%) above the FY2019 level and $59.2 million (6.1%) above President Trump\u2019s request. The President\u2019s request would have reduced funding for the NIST R&D, standards coordination, and related services in the Scientific and Technical Research and Services (STRS) account, proposing $611.7 million for FY2020, a decrease of $112.8 million (15.6%) from the FY2019 level; Congress provided $754.0 million for STRS, $29.5 (4.1%) million above the FY2019 level and $142.3 million (23.3%) above the request. In the Industrial Technology Services (ITS) account, the President sought to eliminate funding for the NIST Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP) program for FY2020; Congress provided $146.0 million, $6.0 million (4.3%) more than for FY2019. The request also included $15.2 million in FY2020 ITS funding for the for Manufacturing USA activities, essentially the same as in FY2019; Congress provided $16.0 million for FY2020 for continued support of NIIMBL and coordination of the Manufacturing USA network. While the President requested $59.9 million for the Construction of Research Facilities (CRF) account in the NIST budget justification, the President\u2019s budget also sought the establishment of a revolving fund, to be managed by the General Services Administration (GSA), to be funded through mandatory appropriations. In the President\u2019s budget, a portion of these funds were intended to provide $288.0 million to NIST in FY2020 to support additional NIST construction needs. The Congressional Budget Office scored these funds as an additional request for discretionary CRF funds, bringing the total NIST CRF request to $347.9 million. 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NIST is directed to offer support to the private sector for the development of precompetitive generic technologies and the diffusion of government-developed innovation to users in all segments of the American economy. Laboratory research is to provide measurement, calibration, and quality assurance techniques that underpin U.S. commerce, technological progress, improved product reliability, manufacturing processes, and public safety.\nPresident Trump is requesting $974.8 million for NIST for FY2020, a decrease of $10.7 million (1.1%) from the FY2019 NIST enacted level of $985.5 million. The request includes $611.7 million for R&D, standards coordination, and related services in the Scientific and Technical Research and Services account, as well as $15.2 million for the Industrial Technology Services (ITS) account for Manufacturing USA activities. The ITS account would provide approximately $10 million for continued support of the NIST-sponsored National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals and approximately $5 million for coordination of the Manufacturing USA network. The NIST budget justification includes $59.9 million for the Construction of Research Facilities (CRF) account. However, the President\u2019s budget is also seeking the establishment of a revolving fund, to be managed by the General Services Administration, that is to be funded through mandatory appropriations. In the President\u2019s budget, a portion of these funds are intended to provide $288.0 million to NIST in FY2020 to support additional NIST construction needs. However, the Congressional Budget Office scored these funds as an additional request for discretionary CRF funds, bringing the total NIST CRF request to $347.9 million.\nConcerns about the adequacy of federal funding for physical science and engineering research led to efforts by successive Presidents and Congresses to double funding for the NIST laboratory and construction accounts, together with the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy Office of Science. President Bush\u2019s proposal was to do so over 10 years; the America COMPETES Act (P.L. 110-69) set authorization levels consistent with a seven-year doubling and the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 set authorization levels consistent with an 11-year doubling. However, appropriations did not keep pace with authorization levels or presidential requests. In addition, the appropriations authorizations for the accounts targeted for doubling lapsed at the end of FY2013. Appropriations for the targeted NIST accounts increased by 42.3% from FY2006 to FY2016. \nFunding for NIST extramural programs directed toward increased private sector commercialization has been a topic of congressional debate. Some Members of Congress have expressed skepticism over a \u201ctechnology policy\u201d based on providing federal funds to industry for development of precompetitive generic technologies. This approach, coupled with pressures to balance the federal budget, led to significant reductions in funding for NIST. The Advanced Technology Program (ATP) and the Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), which accounted for over 50% of the FY1995 NIST budget, were subsequently proposed for elimination. In 2007, ATP was terminated and replaced by the Technology Innovation Program (TIP). TIP was subsequently defunded in the FY2012 appropriations legislation. President Trump has proposed the elimination of federal funding for the MEP program in FY2018, FY2019, and FY2020.\nIn December 2014, Congress enacted the Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014 (Title VII of Division B of P.L. 113-235), establishing a Network for Manufacturing Innovation (also referred to as Manufacturing USA). The explanatory statement accompanying the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 (P.L. 114-113) directed NIST to use an open competition to select the technological focus areas of industry-driven manufacturing institutes. Upon completion of its first competition, NIST announced its selection of the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL) in December 2016. Congress appropriated $15 million in FY2019 funding for NIST to continue its support for NIIMBL and to coordinate network activities. 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NIST is directed to offer support to the private sector for the development of precompetitive generic technologies and the diffusion of government-developed innovation to users in all segments of the American economy. Laboratory research is to provide measurement, calibration, and quality assurance techniques that underpin U.S. commerce, technological progress, improved product reliability, manufacturing processes, and public safety.\nPresident Trump requested $725.0 million in discretionary funding for NIST in FY2018. In March 2018, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 (P.L. 115-141) was enacted, providing $1,198.5 million in funding for NIST for FY2018. President Trump requested $629.1 million in discretionary funding for NIST in FY2019, $569.4 million (47.5%) below the FY2018 enacted level. The House-reported appropriations level for FY2019 is $985.0 million; the Senate-reported level is $1,037.5 million. In the absence of a year-long appropriation act for FY2019, NIST was funded under two continuing resolutions, first through December 7, 2018 (under P.L. 115-245), then through December 21, 2018 (under P.L. 115-298). NIST has been without appropriations since December 22, 2018. Following the start of the 116th Congress, the House passed H.R. 21, which would provide funding for each of the NIST accounts at the same levels as the Senate committee-passed bill from the 115th Congress (S. 3072).\nConcerns about the adequacy of federal funding for physical science and engineering research led to efforts by successive Presidents and Congresses to double funding for the NIST laboratory and construction accounts, together with the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy Office of Science. However, appropriations did not keep pace with authorization levels or presidential requests. In addition, the appropriations authorizations for the accounts targeted for doubling lapsed at the end of FY2013. Appropriations for the targeted NIST accounts increased by 42.3% from FY2006 to FY2016. \nFunding for NIST extramural programs directed toward increased private sector commercialization has been a topic of congressional debate. Some Members of Congress have expressed skepticism over a \u201ctechnology policy\u201d based on providing federal funds to industry for development of precompetitive generic technologies. This approach, coupled with pressures to balance the federal budget, led to significant reductions in funding for NIST. The Advanced Technology Program (ATP) and the Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), which accounted for over 50% of the FY1995 NIST budget, were subsequently proposed for elimination. In 2007, ATP was terminated and replaced by the Technology Innovation Program (TIP). TIP was subsequently defunded in the FY2012 appropriations legislation. President Trump has proposed the elimination of funding for the MEP program in FY2019.\nIn December 2014, Congress enacted the Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014 (Title VII of Division B of P.L. 113-235), establishing a Network for Manufacturing Innovation (also referred to as the National Network for Manufacturing Innovation or NNMI). The explanatory statement accompanying the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 (P.L. 114-113) directed NIST to use an open competition to select the technological focus areas of industry-driven manufacturing institutes. Upon completion of its first competition, NIST announced its selection of the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL) in December 2016. Congress appropriated $15 million in FY2018 funding for NIST to continue its support for NIIMBL and to coordinate network activities. 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NIST is directed to offer support to the private sector for the development of precompetitive generic technologies and the diffusion of government-developed innovation to users in all segments of the American economy. Laboratory research is to provide measurement, calibration, and quality assurance techniques that underpin U.S. commerce, technological progress, improved product reliability, manufacturing processes, and public safety.\nPresident Trump requested $725.0 million in discretionary funding for NIST in FY2018. In March 2018, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 (P.L. 115-141) was enacted, providing $1,198.5 million in funding for NIST for FY2018. President Trump requested $629.1 million in discretionary funding for NIST in FY2019, $569.4 million (47.5%) below the FY2018 enacted level. The House-reported appropriations level for FY2019 is $985.0 million; the Senate reported level is $1,037.5 million. NIST is currently funded under the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2019 (P.L. 115-245), Division C of the Department of Defense and Labor, Health and Human Services, and Education Appropriations Act, 2019 and Continuing Appropriations Act, 2019. Funding under this act is provided through December 7, 2018.\nConcerns about the adequacy of federal funding for physical science and engineering research led to efforts by successive Presidents and Congresses to double funding for the NIST laboratory and construction accounts, together with the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy Office of Science. However, appropriations did not keep pace with authorization levels or presidential requests. In addition, the appropriations authorizations for the accounts targeted for doubling lapsed at the end of FY2013. Appropriations for the targeted NIST accounts increased by 42.3% from FY2006 to FY2016. \nFunding for NIST extramural programs directed toward increased private sector commercialization has been a topic of congressional debate. Some Members of Congress have expressed skepticism over a \u201ctechnology policy\u201d based on providing federal funds to industry for development of precompetitive generic technologies. This approach, coupled with pressures to balance the federal budget, led to significant reductions in funding for NIST. The Advanced Technology Program (ATP) and the Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), which accounted for over 50% of the FY1995 NIST budget, were subsequently proposed for elimination. In 2007, ATP was terminated and replaced by the Technology Innovation Program (TIP). TIP was subsequently defunded in the FY2012 appropriations legislation. President Trump has proposed the elimination of funding for the MEP program in FY2019.\nIn December 2014, Congress enacted the Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014 (Title VII of Division B of P.L. 113-235), establishing a Network for Manufacturing Innovation (also referred to as the National Network for Manufacturing Innovation or NNMI). The explanatory statement accompanying the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 (P.L. 114-113) directed NIST to use an open competition to select the technological focus areas of industry-driven manufacturing institutes. Upon completion of its first competition, NIST announced its selection of the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL) in December 2016. Congress appropriated $15 million in FY2018 funding for NIST to continue its support for NIIMBL and to coordinate network activities. 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NIST is directed to offer support to the private sector for the development of precompetitive generic technologies and the diffusion of government-developed innovation to users in all segments of the American economy. Laboratory research is to provide measurement, calibration, and quality assurance techniques that underpin U.S. commerce, technological progress, improved product reliability, manufacturing processes, and public safety.\nPresident Trump requested $725.0 million in discretionary funding for NIST in FY2018. The FY2018 House-reported CJS appropriations bill (Division C of H.R. 3354) would have provided $865.0 million; the Senate committee-reported CJS appropriations bill (S. 1662) would have funded NIST at $944.0 million. In March 2018, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 (P.L. 115-141) was enacted, providing $1,198.5 million in funding for NIST for FY2018. President Trump has requested $629.1 million in discretionary funding for NIST in FY2019, $569.4 million (47.5%) below the FY2018 enacted level. \nConcerns about the adequacy of federal funding for physical science and engineering research led to efforts by successive Presidents and Congresses to double funding for the NIST laboratory and construction accounts, together with the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy Office of Science. However, appropriations did not keep pace with authorization levels or presidential requests. In addition, the appropriations authorizations for the accounts targeted for doubling lapsed at the end of FY2013. Appropriations for the targeted NIST accounts increased by 42.3% from FY2006 to FY2016. \nFunding for NIST extramural programs directed toward increased private sector commercialization has been a topic of congressional debate. Some Members of Congress have expressed skepticism over a \u201ctechnology policy\u201d based on providing federal funds to industry for development of precompetitive generic technologies. This approach, coupled with pressures to balance the federal budget, led to significant reductions in funding for NIST. The Advanced Technology Program (ATP) and the Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), which accounted for over 50% of the FY1995 NIST budget, were subsequently proposed for elimination. In 2007, ATP was terminated and replaced by the Technology Innovation Program (TIP). TIP was subsequently defunded in the FY2012 appropriations legislation. President Trump has proposed the elimination of funding for the MEP program in FY2019.\nIn December 2014, Congress enacted the Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014 (Title VII of Division B of P.L. 113-235), establishing a Network for Manufacturing Innovation (also referred to as the National Network for Manufacturing Innovation or NNMI). The explanatory statement accompanying the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 (P.L. 114-113) directed NIST to use an open competition to select the technological focus areas of industry-driven manufacturing institutes. Upon completion of its first competition, NIST announced its selection of the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL) in December 2016. Congress appropriated $15 million in FY2018 funding for NIST to continue its support for NIIMBL and to coordinate network activities. In total, 14 NNMI institutes have been established by the Department of Defense (8), Department of Energy (5), and Department of Commerce (1).", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/R43908", "sha1": "0991b89795a0440211762b90817167c1315e62b3", "filename": "files/20180613_R43908_0991b89795a0440211762b90817167c1315e62b3.html", "images": { "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R43908_files&id=/6.png": "files/20180613_R43908_images_86d6c16388d121e6161359be1002641cde2de645.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R43908_files&id=/3.png": "files/20180613_R43908_images_f20a30c232475b4ed65c1304e983a3d6c9fbb24f.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R43908_files&id=/2.png": "files/20180613_R43908_images_1b9e69f998033389091041b1b50cd01ad9ab693e.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R43908_files&id=/4.png": "files/20180613_R43908_images_e24ef12d14ca32b6805fd2fa8ce4da23f24b9683.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R43908_files&id=/1.png": "files/20180613_R43908_images_b74c418015183e68d5f91f211e183e91e5813f21.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R43908_files&id=/5.png": "files/20180613_R43908_images_9ea7f0dcde134d34505c019f6bb018fb229cad69.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R43908_files&id=/0.png": "files/20180613_R43908_images_e6e7d3c1e0b59e2efe14abe4b6e7c2e091789610.png" } }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R43908", "sha1": "9b48cb99042426416962ab37e813f21a039b3ae1", "filename": "files/20180613_R43908_9b48cb99042426416962ab37e813f21a039b3ae1.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4744, "name": "Commerce, Justice, Science Appropriations" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 463132, "date": "2017-08-08", "retrieved": "2017-08-22T13:31:17.045298", "title": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology: An Appropriations Overview", "summary": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), a laboratory of the Department of Commerce, is mandated to provide technical services to facilitate the competitiveness of U.S. industry. NIST is directed to offer support to the private sector for the development of precompetitive generic technologies and the diffusion of government-developed innovation to users in all segments of the American economy. Laboratory research is to provide measurement, calibration, and quality assurance techniques that underpin U.S. commerce, technological progress, improved product reliability, manufacturing processes, and public safety.\nPresident Obama requested $1.015 billion in discretionary funding for NIST in FY2017, an increase of $50.5 million (5.2%) over the FY2016 enacted level of $964.0 million. In addition, President Obama requested $2.0 billion in NIST funding characterized as mandatory funding that was intended not to be counted against the FY2017 discretionary spending cap. The FY2017 Senate-reported CJS appropriations bill (S. 2837) would have funded NIST at $974.0 million; the House-reported CJS appropriations bill (H.R. 5393) would have provided $865.0 million. The Further Continuing and Security Assistance Appropriations Act, 2017 (P.L. 114-254), Division A, Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2017, provided continuing appropriations for NIST and most federal agencies at 99.8% of FY2016 funding through April 28, 2017. In May 2017, President Trump signed into law the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2017 (P.L. 115-31), which provided NIST funding of $954.0 million.\nConcerns about the adequacy of federal funding for physical science and engineering research led to efforts by successive Presidents and Congresses to double funding for the NIST laboratory and construction accounts, together with the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy Office of Science. However, appropriations did not keep pace with authorization levels or presidential requests. In addition, the appropriations authorizations for the accounts targeted for doubling lapsed at the end of FY2013. Appropriations for the targeted NIST accounts increased by 42.3% from FY2006 to FY2016. Neither President Obama\u2019s FY2017 request nor President Trump\u2019s FY2018 request assert the need for such a doubling effort.\nFunding for NIST extramural programs directed toward increased private sector commercialization has been a topic of congressional debate. Some Members of Congress have expressed skepticism over a \u201ctechnology policy\u201d based on providing federal funds to industry for development of pre-competitive generic technologies. This approach, coupled with pressures to balance the federal budget, led to significant reductions in funding for NIST. The Advanced Technology Program (ATP) and the Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), which accounted for over 50% of the FY1995 NIST budget, were subsequently proposed for elimination. In 2007, ATP was terminated and replaced by the Technology Innovation Program (TIP). TIP was subsequently defunded in the FY2012 appropriations legislation.\nIn December 2014, Congress enacted the Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014 (Title VII of Division B of P.L. 113-235), establishing a Network for Manufacturing Innovation (also referred to as the National Network for Manufacturing Innovation, or NNMI). The explanatory statement accompanying the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 (P.L. 114-113) directed NIST to use an open competition to select the technological focus areas of industry-driven manufacturing institutes. Upon completion of its first competition, NIST announced its selection of the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL) in December 2016; NIST may establish a second institute in 2017 based on this competition. Congress appropriated $25 million in FY2017 funding for NIST to establish NNMI institutes and to coordinate network activities. In total, 14 NNMI institutes have been established by the Department of Defense (8), Department of Energy (5), and Department of Commerce (1).", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/R43908", "sha1": "c7b1d128df772fb9c4a919d77fc8319088382f62", "filename": "files/20170808_R43908_c7b1d128df772fb9c4a919d77fc8319088382f62.html", "images": { "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R43908_files&id=/6.png": "files/20170808_R43908_images_649991b75a75aeff43aa83aedef263c653c1c49b.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R43908_files&id=/3.png": "files/20170808_R43908_images_9fc890f7dda1c6e643d65ba2d86befa66288e3d4.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R43908_files&id=/2.png": "files/20170808_R43908_images_150830cd5960b19b0260772e0a52b9342bb0a976.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R43908_files&id=/4.png": "files/20170808_R43908_images_eeba75f60438832fbda9a9dc6556549522ac4e8c.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R43908_files&id=/1.png": "files/20170808_R43908_images_1a00b5e4b06b436859ee75702b0a63ce4b0b640d.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R43908_files&id=/5.png": "files/20170808_R43908_images_08312c5275b24edde435858c4fa94bcb38a18d62.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R43908_files&id=/0.png": "files/20170808_R43908_images_39f435834181f53e0016f14af157f6a47e180544.png" } }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R43908", "sha1": "1a8eaf1ed6a3022243ec824a33f99ed7393aa3f1", "filename": "files/20170808_R43908_1a8eaf1ed6a3022243ec824a33f99ed7393aa3f1.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4744, "name": "Commerce, Justice, Science Appropriations" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 462060, "date": "2017-06-14", "retrieved": "2017-06-26T15:55:58.390743", "title": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology: An Appropriations Overview", "summary": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), a laboratory of the Department of Commerce, is mandated to provide technical services to facilitate the competitiveness of U.S. industry. NIST is directed to offer support to the private sector for the development of precompetitive generic technologies and the diffusion of government-developed innovation to users in all segments of the American economy. Laboratory research is to provide measurement, calibration, and quality assurance techniques that underpin U.S. commerce, technological progress, improved product reliability, manufacturing processes, and public safety.\nPresident Obama requested $1.015 billion in discretionary funding for NIST in FY2017, an increase of $50.5 million (5.2%) over the FY2016 enacted level of $964.0 million. In addition, President Obama requested $2.0 billion in NIST funding characterized as mandatory funding that was intended not to be counted against the FY2017 discretionary spending cap. The FY2017 Senate-reported CJS appropriations bill (S. 2837) would have funded NIST at $974.0 million; the House-reported CJS appropriations bill (H.R. 5393) would have provided $865.0 million. The Further Continuing and Security Assistance Appropriations Act, 2017 (P.L. 114-254). Division A, Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2017, provided continuing appropriations for NIST and most federal agencies at 99.8% of FY2016 funding through April 28, 2017. In May 2017, President Trump signed into law the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2017 (P.L. 115-31), which provided NIST funding of $954.0 million.\nConcerns about the adequacy of federal funding for physical science and engineering research led to efforts by successive presidents and Congresses to double funding for the NIST laboratory and construction accounts, together with the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy Office of Science. However, appropriations did not keep pace with authorization levels or presidential requests. In addition, the appropriations authorizations for the accounts targeted for doubling lapsed at the end of FY2013. Appropriations for the targeted NIST accounts increased by 42.3% from FY2006 to FY2016. Neither President Obama\u2019s FY2017 request nor President Trump\u2019s FY2018 request assert the need for such a doubling effort.\nFunding for NIST extramural programs directed toward increased private sector commercialization has been a topic of congressional debate. Some Members of Congress have expressed skepticism over a \u201ctechnology policy\u201d based on providing federal funds to industry for development of pre-competitive generic technologies. This approach, coupled with pressures to balance the federal budget, led to significant reductions in funding for NIST. The Advanced Technology Program (ATP) and the Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), which accounted for over 50% of the FY1995 NIST budget, were subsequently proposed for elimination. In 2007, ATP was terminated and replaced by the Technology Innovation Program (TIP). TIP was subsequently defunded in the FY2012 appropriations legislation.\nIn December 2014, Congress enacted the Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014 (Title VII of Division B of P.L. 113-235), established a Network for Manufacturing Innovation (also referred to as the National Network for Manufacturing Innovation or NNMI). The explanatory statement accompanying the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 (P.L. 114-113) directed NIST to use an open competition to select the technological focus areas of industry-driven manufacturing institutes. Upon completion of its first competition, NIST announced its selection of the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL) in December 2016; NIST may establish a second institute in 2017 based on this competition. Congress appropriated $25 million in FY2017 funding for NIST to establish NNMI institutes and to coordinate network activities. In total, 14 NNMI institutes have been established by the Department of Defense (8), Department of Energy (5), and Department of Commerce (1).", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/R43908", "sha1": "44c8ec1978f0f27c701e77b69fa1b4335edfdf42", "filename": "files/20170614_R43908_44c8ec1978f0f27c701e77b69fa1b4335edfdf42.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R43908", "sha1": "9c582c9b71697d8a689c03e326f5e837cfb62815", "filename": "files/20170614_R43908_9c582c9b71697d8a689c03e326f5e837cfb62815.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4744, "name": "Commerce, Justice, Science Appropriations" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 461425, "date": "2017-05-09", "retrieved": "2017-05-24T16:22:47.090335", "title": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology: An Appropriations Overview", "summary": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), a laboratory of the Department of Commerce, is mandated to provide technical services to facilitate the competitiveness of U.S. industry. NIST is directed to offer support to the private sector for the development of precompetitive generic technologies and the diffusion of government-developed innovation to users in all segments of the American economy. Laboratory research is to provide measurement, calibration, and quality assurance techniques that underpin U.S. commerce, technological progress, improved product reliability, manufacturing processes, and public safety.\nPresident Obama requested $1.015 billion in discretionary funding for NIST in FY2017, an increase of $50.5 million (5.2%) over the FY2016 enacted level of $964.0 million. In addition, President Obama requested $2.0 billion in NIST funding characterized as mandatory funding that was intended not to be counted against the FY2017 discretionary spending cap. The FY2017 Senate-reported CJS appropriations bill (S. 2837) would have funded NIST at $974 million; the House-reported CJS appropriations bill (H.R. 5393) would have provided $865.0 million. The Further Continuing and Security Assistance Appropriations Act, 2017 (P.L. 114-254). Division A, Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2017, provided continuing appropriations for NIST and most federal agencies at 99.8% of FY2016 funding through April 28, 2017. In May 2017, President Trump signed into law the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2017 (P.L. 115-31), which provided NIST funding of $954.0 million.\nConcerns about the adequacy of federal funding for physical science and engineering research led to efforts by successive presidents and Congresses to double funding for the NIST laboratory and construction accounts, together with the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy Office of Science. However, appropriations did not keep pace with authorization levels or presidential requests. In addition, the appropriations authorizations for the accounts targeted for doubling lapsed at the end of FY2013. Appropriations for the targeted NIST accounts increased by 42.3% from FY2006 to FY2016. The doubling effort did not appear to a priority for Congress or President Obama in FY2017 appropriations and broader discussions of doubling have waned.\nFunding for NIST extramural programs directed toward increased private sector commercialization has been a topic of congressional debate. Some Members of Congress have expressed skepticism over a \u201ctechnology policy\u201d based on providing federal funds to industry for development of pre-competitive generic technologies. This approach, coupled with pressures to balance the federal budget, led to significant reductions in funding for NIST. The Advanced Technology Program (ATP) and the Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), which accounted for over 50% of the FY1995 NIST budget, were subsequently proposed for elimination. In 2007, ATP was terminated and replaced by the Technology Innovation Program (TIP). TIP was subsequently defunded in the FY2012 appropriations legislation.\nIn December 2014, Congress enacted the Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014 (Title VII of Division B of P.L. 113-235), established a Network for Manufacturing Innovation (also referred to as the National Network for Manufacturing Innovation or NNMI). The explanatory statement accompanying the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 (P.L. 114-113) directed NIST to use an open competition to select the technological focus areas of industry-driven manufacturing institutes. Upon completion of its first competition, NIST announced its selection of the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL) in December 2016; NIST may establish a second institute in 2017 based on this competition. Congress appropriated $25 million in FY2017 funding for NIST to establish NNMI institutes and to coordinate network activities. In total, 14 NNMI institutes have been established by the Department of Defense (8), Department of Energy (5), and Department of Commerce (1).", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/R43908", "sha1": "0fbb75c0ebba0b96eea62b98bf78f2dc06da5992", "filename": "files/20170509_R43908_0fbb75c0ebba0b96eea62b98bf78f2dc06da5992.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R43908", "sha1": "9ab20e7b140fbfde49115a6c3430579fcfd54e8c", "filename": "files/20170509_R43908_9ab20e7b140fbfde49115a6c3430579fcfd54e8c.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4744, "name": "Commerce, Justice, Science Appropriations" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 459098, "date": "2017-02-01", "retrieved": "2017-03-01T17:41:00.197298", "title": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology: An Appropriations Overview", "summary": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), a laboratory of the Department of Commerce, is mandated to provide technical services to facilitate the competitiveness of U.S. industry. NIST is directed to offer support to the private sector for the development of precompetitive generic technologies and the diffusion of government-developed innovation to users in all segments of the American economy. Laboratory research is to provide measurement, calibration, and quality assurance techniques that underpin U.S. commerce, technological progress, improved product reliability, manufacturing processes, and public safety.\nPresident Obama is requesting $1.015 billion in discretionary funding for NIST in FY2017, an increase of $50.5 million (5.2%) over the FY2016 enacted level of $964.0 million. In addition, the President is requesting $2.0 billion in NIST funding characterized as mandatory funding that is intended not to be counted against the FY2017 discretionary spending cap. The FY2017 Senate-reported CJS appropriations bill (S. 2837) would fund NIST at $974 million; the House-reported CJS appropriations bill (H.R. 5393) would provide $865.0 million. Neither the House bill nor the Senate bill would provide any of the mandatory funding requested by the President. The Further Continuing and Security Assistance Appropriations Act, 2017 (P.L. 114-254). Division A, Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2017, provides continuing appropriations for NIST and most federal agencies at 99.8% of FY2016 funding through April 28, 2017.\nConcerns about the adequacy of federal funding for physical science and engineering research led to efforts by President George W. Bush, President Obama, and Congress to double funding for the NIST laboratory and construction accounts, together with the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy Office of Science. However, appropriations did not keep pace with authorization levels or presidential requests. In addition, the appropriations authorizations for the accounts targeted for doubling lapsed at the end of FY2013. Appropriations for the targeted NIST accounts increased by 42.3% from FY2006 to FY2016.\nContinued funding for NIST extramural programs directed toward increased private sector commercialization has been a topic of congressional debate. Some Members of Congress have expressed skepticism over a \u201ctechnology policy\u201d based on providing federal funds to industry for development of pre-competitive generic technologies. This approach, coupled with pressures to balance the federal budget, led to significant reductions in funding for NIST. The Advanced Technology Program (ATP) and the Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), which accounted for over 50% of the FY1995 NIST budget, were subsequently proposed for elimination. In 2007, ATP was terminated and replaced by the Technology Innovation Program (TIP). TIP was subsequently eliminated in the FY2012 appropriations legislation.\nIn December 2014, Congress enacted the Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014 as Title VII of Division B of the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015 (P.L. 113-235), establishing a Network for Manufacturing Innovation (also referred to by Congress as the National Network for Manufacturing Innovation or NNMI). Congress appropriated $25 million in FY2017 funding for NIST to establish NNMI institutes and to coordinate network activities. The explanatory statement accompanying the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 (P.L. 114-113) directs NIST to use an open competition to select the technological focus areas of industry-driven manufacturing institutes. In December 2016, NIST announced its selection of the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL), as its first institute and the networks eleventh institute. NIST intends to provide up to a total of $70 million per institute over five to seven years, with federal funding matched by private and other non-federal sources.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/R43908", "sha1": "d21c067b5f00daf1e4c3a0d06ac9ce16c9871b18", "filename": "files/20170201_R43908_d21c067b5f00daf1e4c3a0d06ac9ce16c9871b18.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R43908", "sha1": "5e7cfb3169f82920ae9b25b273a893c3a35b050f", "filename": "files/20170201_R43908_5e7cfb3169f82920ae9b25b273a893c3a35b050f.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4744, "name": "Commerce, Justice, Science Appropriations" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 453561, "date": "2016-06-16", "retrieved": "2016-06-21T20:59:57.321819", "title": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology: An Appropriations Overview", "summary": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), a laboratory of the Department of Commerce, is mandated to provide technical services to facilitate the competitiveness of U.S. industry. NIST is directed to offer support to the private sector for the development of precompetitive generic technologies and the diffusion of government-developed innovation to users in all segments of the American economy. Laboratory research is to provide measurement, calibration, and quality assurance techniques that underpin U.S. commerce, technological progress, improved product reliability, manufacturing processes, and public safety.\nPresident Obama is requesting $1.015 billion in discretionary funding for NIST in FY2017, an increase of $50.5 million (5.2%) over the FY2016 enacted level of $964.0 million. In addition, the President is requesting $2.0 billion in NIST funding characterized as mandatory funding that is intended not to be counted against the FY2017 discretionary spending cap. The FY2017 Senate-reported CJS appropriations bill (S. 2837) would fund NIST at $974 million; the House-reported CJS appropriations bill (H.R. 5393) would provide $865.0 million. Neither the House bill nor the Senate bill would provide any of the mandatory funding requested by the President.\nConcerns about the adequacy of federal funding for physical science and engineering research led to efforts by President George W. Bush (under his American Competitiveness Initiative and annual budget requests), President Obama (in his annual budget requests), and Congress (implicitly in appropriations authorizations in the America COMPETES Act and the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010) to double funding for the NIST laboratory and construction accounts, together with the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy Office of Science. However, appropriations did not keep pace with authorization levels or presidential requests. In addition, the appropriations authorizations for the accounts targeted for doubling have lapsed and President Obama\u2019s budget requests have not referenced a specific doubling goal or timeframe since his FY2013 request. Appropriations for the targeted NIST accounts increased by 42.3% from FY2006 to FY2016.\nContinued funding for NIST extramural programs directed toward increased private sector commercialization has been a topic of congressional debate. Some Members of Congress have expressed skepticism over a \u201ctechnology policy\u201d based on providing federal funds to industry for development of pre-competitive generic technologies. This approach, coupled with pressures to balance the federal budget, led to significant reductions in funding for NIST. The Advanced Technology Program (ATP) and the Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), which accounted for over 50% of the FY1995 NIST budget, were subsequently proposed for elimination. In 2007, ATP was terminated and replaced by the Technology Innovation Program (TIP). TIP was subsequently eliminated in the FY2012 appropriations legislation.\nIn December 2014, Congress enacted the Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014 as Title VII of Division B of the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015 (P.L. 113-235), establishing a Network for Manufacturing Innovation (also referred to by Congress as the National Network for Manufacturing Innovation or NNMI). Congress appropriated $25 million in FY2017 funding for NIST to establish NNMI institutes and to coordinate network activities. The explanatory statement accompanying the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016 (P.L. 114-113) directs NIST to use an open competition to select the technological focus areas of industry-driven manufacturing institutes. NIST subsequently announced a competition to establish two institutes. NIST intends to provide up to a total of $70 million per institute over five to seven years, with federal funding matched by private and other non-federal sources.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/R43908", "sha1": "bdb4de3113931f110e1e672d5e9c7142f88b1db3", "filename": "files/20160616_R43908_bdb4de3113931f110e1e672d5e9c7142f88b1db3.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R43908", "sha1": "8db9adbabab07b788ffd47504393da1290e7c1e6", "filename": "files/20160616_R43908_8db9adbabab07b788ffd47504393da1290e7c1e6.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 451258, "date": "2016-03-29", "retrieved": "2016-04-06T16:51:43.762526", "title": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology: An Appropriations Overview", "summary": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), a laboratory of the Department of Commerce, is mandated to provide technical services to facilitate the competitiveness of U.S. industry. NIST is directed to offer support to the private sector for the development of precompetitive generic technologies and the diffusion of government-developed innovation to users in all segments of the American economy. Laboratory research is to provide measurement, calibration, and quality assurance techniques that underpin U.S. commerce, technological progress, improved product reliability, manufacturing processes, and public safety.\nConcerns about the adequacy of federal funding for physical science and engineering research led to efforts by President George W. Bush (under his American Competitiveness Initiative and annual budget requests), President Obama (in his annual budget requests), and Congress (implicitly in appropriations authorizations in the America COMPETES Act and the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010) to double funding for the NIST laboratory and construction accounts, together with the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy Office of Science. However, appropriations did not keep pace with authorization levels or presidential requests. In addition, the appropriations authorizations for the accounts targeted for doubling have lapsed and President Obama\u2019s budget requests have not referenced a specific doubling goal or timeframe since his FY2013 request. \nContinued funding for NIST extramural programs directed toward increased private sector commercialization has been a topic of congressional debate. Some Members of Congress have expressed skepticism over a \u201ctechnology policy\u201d based on providing federal funds to industry for development of pre-competitive generic technologies. This approach, coupled with pressures to balance the federal budget, led to significant reductions in funding for NIST. The Advanced Technology Program (ATP) and the Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), which accounted for over 50% of the FY1995 NIST budget, were proposed for elimination. In 2007, ATP was terminated and replaced by the Technology Innovation Program (TIP). TIP was subsequently eliminated in the FY2012 appropriations legislation.\nIn December 2014, Congress enacted the Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014 as Title VII of Division B of the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act, 2015 (P.L. 113-235), establishing a Network for Manufacturing Innovation (NMI). The NMI program is similar to the National Network for Manufacturing Innovation proposed by President Obama. The act does not appropriate funds specifically for the NMI program but instead authorizes NIST to spend up to $5.0 million of appropriated funds each year from FY2015 to FY2024 to carry out the program. In addition, the act authorizes the Department of Energy to transfer up to a total of $250.0 million to NIST between FY2015 and FY2024 to carry out the program. While no funding has been transferred from DOE to NIST under this authority, Congress appropriated $25 million to NIST for the National Network for Manufacturing Innovation (NNMI) to establish IMIs and coordination activities.\nAs Congress undertakes the FY2016 appropriations process, an overarching issue is how funding for NIST will be allocated between its core standards and measurement functions performed in its laboratories and its external programs, such as MEP and the NMI. President Obama has requested a total of $1.120 billion for NIST for FY2016, up $255.8 million from the FY2015 enacted level. The House has approved $855.0 million for NIST for FY2016, $8.9 million (1.0%) less than in FY2015 and $264.7 million (23.6%) less than the request.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/R43908", "sha1": "6e3f8961337b557d73d5a5409782bd99e30461e3", "filename": "files/20160329_R43908_6e3f8961337b557d73d5a5409782bd99e30461e3.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R43908", "sha1": "46e65cd6520eb4fcad0e858b7b55ef239387c01f", "filename": "files/20160329_R43908_46e65cd6520eb4fcad0e858b7b55ef239387c01f.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc815423/", "id": "R43908_2015Feb05", "date": "2015-02-05", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "The National Institute of Standards and Technology: An Appropriations Overview", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20150205_R43908_e8cd85cd331795d2c22f86998ec732aff1cdf45d.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20150205_R43908_e8cd85cd331795d2c22f86998ec732aff1cdf45d.html" } ], "topics": [] } ], "topics": [ "Appropriations", "National Defense", "Science and Technology Policy" ] }