{ "id": "R43916", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "number": "R43916", "active": false, "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "versions": [ { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 445447, "date": "2015-07-30", "retrieved": "2016-04-06T22:44:09.447599", "title": "ESEA Reauthorization Proposals in the 114th Congress: Selected Key Issues", "summary": "The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) was last comprehensively amended by the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB; P.L. 107-110). During the 114th Congress, the House Education and the Workforce Committee reported the Student Success Act (H.R. 5), which would provide for a comprehensive reauthorization of the ESEA. The bill was subsequently passed on the House floor on July 8, 2015. The Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee reported the Every Child Achieves Act of 2015 (ECAA; S. 1177), which would also provide for a comprehensive reauthorization of the ESEA. S. 1177 was subsequently passed on the Senate floor on July 16, 2015.\nH.R. 5 and S. 1177 would make several changes to the ESEA, most notably in six key areas that have garnered substantial congressional interest. \nAccountability for student achievement: Both bills would modify current ESEA accountability requirements related to student achievement, by eliminating the requirement to determine adequate yearly progress (AYP) and the requirement to apply a specified set of outcome accountability provisions to failing schools and local educational agencies (LEAs). Both bills would continue to require that states have standards and assessments for reading, mathematics, and science. H.R. 5 and S. 1177 would require that state assessments measure student academic achievement, but measuring student growth would be optional. Both bills would continue to require that the results of reading and mathematics assessments be included in a state\u2019s accountability system. Under S. 1177, states would be required to annually establish state-designed goals for all students and subgroups of students related to student achievement and high school graduation rates. Both bills would require states to identify the lowest performing schools but neither bill would require that a certain number or percentage of schools be identified as low performing. \nDistribution of Title I-A grants. The ESEA Title I-A grant program, which provides supplementary educational and related services to low-achieving and other students attending pre-kindergarten through grade 12 schools with relatively high concentrations of students from low-income families, is the largest formula grant program in the ESEA. H.R. 5 would establish a new option for distributing Title I-A funds to LEAs and schools (commonly referred to as portability or the state option). S. 1177 would not include a Title I-A portability option, but it would alter the criteria used to determine the rank order in which public schools receive Title I-A funds and create a fifth formula that would be used to determine grants to LEAs.\nFiscal accountability. H.R. 5 and S. 1177 would alter existing fiscal accountability requirements. H.R. 5 would eliminate maintenance of effort (MOE) requirements. S. 1177 would retain the MOE requirements with changes. S. 1177 would also alter the supplement, not supplant requirements that apply to Title I-A funds. \nEducator quality, equity, and effectiveness: Both H.R. 5 and S. 1177 would eliminate the current \u201chighly qualified\u201d teacher requirement. H.R. 5 would also eliminate a provision to ensure that poor and minority children are not taught at higher rates than other children by inexperienced, unqualified, or out-of-field teachers. S. 1177 would retain this provision and replace the term \u201cunqualified\u201d with \u201cineffective.\u201d Both bills would allow certain federal funds to be used for the development and implementation of teacher and school leader evaluation systems. Such systems could include the use of student achievement data to measure teacher and leader effectiveness.\nGrants to states and LEAs to support teachers and leaders: Both H.R. 5 and S. 1177 would amend the current Title II-A formula grant program that provides funds to support the improvement of school teachers and principals. In addition to changes in the activities supported, both bills would change current formula factors that determine how funds are allocated to states and LEAs. S. 1177 would also reauthorize the current Teacher Incentive Fund (TIF), which provides support for performance-based compensation systems. H.R. 5 would allow for TIF activities to continue under a new program.\nTargeted support versus block grants: H.R. 5 would not retain numerous existing programs and would greatly expand the use of block grant funding. S. 1177 would retain funding for most currently funded formula grant programs but would not reauthorize several other programs. It would also create a new block grant program.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/R43916", "sha1": "53d1ca4a91f9ea483168d2844b8c1d3776a2a4ca", "filename": "files/20150730_R43916_53d1ca4a91f9ea483168d2844b8c1d3776a2a4ca.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R43916", "sha1": "276c4ff40926387fad10925a5634a7ec41c69197", "filename": "files/20150730_R43916_276c4ff40926387fad10925a5634a7ec41c69197.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc820060/", "id": "R43916_2015May14", "date": "2015-05-14", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "ESEA Reauthorization Proposals in the 114th Congress: Selected Key Issues", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20150514_R43916_aba506cad38395a0d0497c8a741deb1d9e5e7f83.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20150514_R43916_aba506cad38395a0d0497c8a741deb1d9e5e7f83.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc505569/", "id": "R43916_2015Feb23", "date": "2015-02-23", "retrieved": "2015-05-29T05:37:21", "title": "ESEA Reauthorization Proposals in the 114th Congress: Selected Key Issues", "summary": "This report examines major features of H.R. 5 with respect to current law. It begins by discussing the approach that H.R. 5 takes toward reshaping the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) in key areas. Next, the report considers the ESEA by title and part to examine how the ESEA would be reconfigured under H.R. 5, followed by an examination of proposed program authorizations included in H.R. 5.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20150223_R43916_079e186e9f2ba61b9bc4a4e4c2ee2fc40f0e48b0.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20150223_R43916_079e186e9f2ba61b9bc4a4e4c2ee2fc40f0e48b0.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Educational policy", "name": "Educational policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Educational law and legislation", "name": "Educational law and legislation" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Education", "name": "Education" } ] } ], "topics": [ "Education Policy" ] }