{
  "id": "R44720",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "R44720",
  "active": true,
  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
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      "id": 587435,
      "date": "2016-12-23",
      "retrieved": "2020-01-02T14:59:06.211445",
      "title": "The 21st Century Cures Act (Division A of P.L. 114-255)",
      "summary": "The 21st Century Cures Act (P.L. 114-255) was signed into law on December 13, 2016, by President Barack Obama. On November 30, 2016, the House passed the House amendment to the Senate amendment to H.R. 34, the 21st Century Cures Act, on a vote of 392 to 26. The bill was then sent to the Senate where it was considered and passed, with only minor technical modification, on December 7, 2016, on a vote of 94 to 5. \nThe law consists of three divisions:\nDivision A\u201421st Century Cures Act; \nDivision B\u2014Helping Families in Mental Health Crisis; and \nDivision C\u2014Increasing Choice, Access, and Quality in Health Care for Americans. \nCRS has published a series of reports on this law, one on each Division. This is the report for Division A of the law.\nThis report provides a brief summary of each provision of the 21st Century Cures Act (Division A of P.L. 114-255), by title, subtitle, and section. The Division includes five titles, as follows: (1) Innovation projects and state responses to opioid abuse; (2) Discovery; (3) Development; (4) Delivery; and (5) Savings. \nTitle I provides funding for biomedical research, including the Precision Medicine Initiative (PMI) and the Cancer Moonshot Initiative, for the opioid crisis response, and for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to support certain new activities authorized by the law. \nTitle II, consisting of seven subtitles, requires or authorizes a number of activities to support biomedical research, including the reauthorization of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the reform of that agency through numerous administrative, reporting, and data access provisions. The Title includes provisions that support young investigators funded by NIH; pediatric research; collaborative research such as research on neurological disease; and precision medicine efforts, and specifically the PMI. \nTitle III, consisting of ten subtitles, focuses on modifying the drug and device approval pathways at the FDA to support innovation, and specifically includes provisions that support patient-focused drug development and streamlined and clarified pathways to approval for drugs, combination products, antimicrobials, Orphan drugs, drugs for rare disease, and regenerative therapies. This Title also contains provisions making modifications to the medical device approval pathway and reforms to the FDA\u2019s hiring process. Finally, it addresses FDA\u2019s regulation of medical countermeasure and vaccine development.\nTitle IV focuses on health care delivery, and includes provisions that together address the federal policies to promote the adoption and use of electronic health record (EHR) technology, as well as a handful of Medicare delivery provisions addressing telehealth services in Medicare, site-of-service price transparency for certain Medicare services, Local Coverage Determinations (LCDs) under Medicare, and a technology and pharmaceutical ombudsman for Medicare. \nTitle V provides savings for the Division, and includes Medicare and Medicaid savings; Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA, P.L. 111-148, as amended) savings, including Prevention and Public Health Fund (PPHF) and territory funding; and savings from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) drawdown.",
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORTS",
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      "topics": [
        {
          "source": "IBCList",
          "id": 4788,
          "name": "Health Care Delivery"
        },
        {
          "source": "IBCList",
          "id": 4819,
          "name": "Medicaid & CHIP"
        },
        {
          "source": "IBCList",
          "id": 4880,
          "name": "FDA Product Regulation & Medical Research"
        },
        {
          "source": "IBCList",
          "id": 4912,
          "name": "Medicare"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Aging Policy",
    "Economic Policy",
    "Energy Policy",
    "Health Policy",
    "Science and Technology Policy"
  ]
}