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"sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=R45519", "type": "CRS Report" }, { "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "title": "The Army\u2019s Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV) Program: Background and Issues for Congress", "retrieved": "2022-02-04T04:04:00.354143", "id": "R45519_14_2020-07-13", "formats": [ { "filename": "files/2020-07-13_R45519_fa1ceed716848e66c5e0d9f144c78201a71add01.pdf", "format": "PDF", "url": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R45519/14", "sha1": "fa1ceed716848e66c5e0d9f144c78201a71add01" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/2020-07-13_R45519_fa1ceed716848e66c5e0d9f144c78201a71add01.html" } ], "date": "2020-07-13", "summary": null, "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov", "typeId": "R", "active": true, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=R45519", "type": "CRS Report" }, { "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "title": "The Army\u2019s Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV) Program: Background and Issues for Congress", "retrieved": "2022-02-04T04:04:00.353063", "id": "R45519_12_2020-07-08", "formats": [ { "filename": "files/2020-07-08_R45519_88408b3c407bcef5a17ca25293eb90fb9f19fc5c.pdf", "format": "PDF", "url": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R45519/12", "sha1": "88408b3c407bcef5a17ca25293eb90fb9f19fc5c" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/2020-07-08_R45519_88408b3c407bcef5a17ca25293eb90fb9f19fc5c.html" } ], "date": "2020-07-08", "summary": null, "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov", "typeId": "R", "active": true, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=R45519", "type": "CRS Report" }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 622408, "date": "2020-04-16", "retrieved": "2020-04-17T22:18:41.782534", "title": "The Army\u2019s Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV) Program: Background and Issues for Congress", "summary": "In June 2018, in part due to congressional concerns, the Army announced a new modernization strategy and designated the Next Generation Combat Vehicle (NGCV) as the program to replace the M-2 Bradley. In October 2018, Army leadership decided to redesignate the NGCV as the Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV) and to add additional vehicle programs to what would be called the NGCV Program. \nThe M-2 Bradley, which has been in service since 1981, is an Infantry Fighting Vehicle (IFV) used to transport infantry on the battlefield and provide fire support to dismounted troops and suppress or destroy enemy fighting vehicles. Updated numerous times since its introduction, the M-2 Bradley is widely considered to have reached the technological limits of its capacity to accommodate new electronics, armor, and defense systems. Two past efforts to replace the M-2 Bradley\u2014the Future Combat System (FCS) Program and the Ground Combat Vehicle (GCV) Program\u2014were cancelled for programmatic and cost-associated reasons. \nIn late 2018, the Army established Army Futures Command (AFC), intended to establish unity of command and effort while consolidating the Army\u2019s modernization process under one roof. AFC is intended to play a significant role in OMFV development and acquisition. \nOn March 29, 2019, the Army issued a Request for Proposal (RFP) to industry for the OMFV. The Army characterized its requirements as \u201caggressive\u201d and noted industry might not be able to meet all requirements.\nOn January 16, 2020, the Army canceled the current OMFV program, intending to restart the program following an analysis and revision of program requirements. According to Army officials, \u201ca combination of requirements and schedule overwhelmed industry\u2019s ability to respond within the Army\u2019s timeline.\u201d\nOn February 7, 2020, the Army reopened the OMFV competition by releasing a new market survey with a minimally prescriptive wish list and an acquisition strategy that shifted most of the initial cost burden to the Army.\nOn April 9, 2020, the Army provided new OMFV program guidance to industry featuring a five-phased approach to acquisition as well as a pledge to \u201creduce foreign barriers to competition,\u201d and \u201cidentify a pathway to integrate relevant but immature technologies\u201d into the program.\nThe Army requested $327.732 million in Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation (RDT&E) funding for the OMFV program in its FY2021 budget request.\nPotential issues for Congress include the Army\u2019s new OMFV Acquisition Strategy and OMFV program decisionmaking authority.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/R45519", "sha1": "02bf559de0bd8b0a809bb86cb8f2dcc91ab87e76", "filename": "files/20200416_R45519_02bf559de0bd8b0a809bb86cb8f2dcc91ab87e76.html", "images": { "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/2.png": "files/20200416_R45519_images_89893d3f0f30d5a48c0bf97b5fdc4fd689668c18.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/1.png": "files/20200416_R45519_images_c33a04942f7c686022b3e171abf10307852ea583.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/0.png": "files/20200416_R45519_images_bfae880f80ae90e81ba7c52767f3fe40e05c0f2c.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/3.png": "files/20200416_R45519_images_cab4950e8b01697dc0621e7b16a59d601cca6aa9.png" } }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R45519", "sha1": "c0ab962d7eb209183656ab7a9f23fd68b952e550", "filename": "files/20200416_R45519_c0ab962d7eb209183656ab7a9f23fd68b952e550.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4902, "name": "Air, Land, Sea, & Projection Forces" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 617274, "date": "2020-02-14", "retrieved": "2020-02-18T14:06:33.863535", "title": "The Army\u2019s Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV) Program: Background and Issues for Congress", "summary": "In June 2018, in part due to congressional concerns, the Army announced a new modernization strategy and designated the Next Generation Combat Vehicle (NGCV) as the program to replace the M-2 Bradley. In October 2018, Army leadership decided to redesignate the NGCV as the Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV) and to add additional vehicle programs to what would be called the NGCV Program. \nThe M-2 Bradley, which has been in service since 1981, is an Infantry Fighting Vehicle (IFV) used to transport infantry on the battlefield and provide fire support to dismounted troops and suppress or destroy enemy fighting vehicles. Updated numerous times since its introduction, the M-2 Bradley is widely considered to have reached the technological limits of its capacity to accommodate new electronics, armor, and defense systems. Two past efforts to replace the M-2 Bradley\u2014the Future Combat System (FCS) Program and the Ground Combat Vehicle (GCV) Program\u2014were cancelled for programmatic and cost-associated reasons. \nIn late 2018, the Army established Army Futures Command (AFC), intended to establish unity of command and effort while consolidating the Army\u2019s modernization process under one roof. AFC is intended to play a significant role in OMFV development and acquisition. \nOn March 29, 2019, the Army issued a Request for Proposal (RFP) to industry for the OMFV. The Army characterized its requirements as \u201caggressive\u201d and noted industry might not be able to meet all requirements.\nOn January 16, 2020, the Army canceled the current OMFV program, intending to restart the program following an analysis and revision of program requirements. According to Army officials, \u201ca combination of requirements and schedule overwhelmed industry\u2019s ability to respond within the Army\u2019s timeline.\u201d\nOn February 7, 2020, the Army reopened the OMFV competition by releasing a new market survey with a minimally prescriptive wish list and an acquisition strategy that shifted most of the initial cost burden to the Army.\nThe Army requested $327.732 million in Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation (RDT&E) funding for the OMFV program in its FY2021 budget request.\nPotential issues for Congress include the Army\u2019s new OMFV Acquisition Strategy and OMFV program decisionmaking authority.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/R45519", "sha1": "373a6ed40ea11c47d417d7df835fd644288f5c36", "filename": "files/20200214_R45519_373a6ed40ea11c47d417d7df835fd644288f5c36.html", "images": { "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/2.png": "files/20200214_R45519_images_89893d3f0f30d5a48c0bf97b5fdc4fd689668c18.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/1.png": "files/20200214_R45519_images_c33a04942f7c686022b3e171abf10307852ea583.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/0.png": "files/20200214_R45519_images_bfae880f80ae90e81ba7c52767f3fe40e05c0f2c.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/3.png": "files/20200214_R45519_images_cab4950e8b01697dc0621e7b16a59d601cca6aa9.png" } }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R45519", "sha1": "13a88508b6a9addb782642fe9f27baeaa87ded1a", "filename": "files/20200214_R45519_13a88508b6a9addb782642fe9f27baeaa87ded1a.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4902, "name": "Air, Land, Sea, & Projection Forces" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 606104, "date": "2019-10-10", "retrieved": "2019-10-10T22:12:55.285056", "title": "The Army\u2019s Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV) Program: Background and Issues for Congress", "summary": "In June 2018, in part due to congressional concerns, the Army announced a new modernization strategy and designated the Next Generation Combat Vehicle (NGCV) as the program to replace the M-2 Bradley. In October 2018, Army leadership decided to redesignate the NGCV as the Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV) and to add additional vehicle programs to what would be called the NGCV Program. \nThe M-2 Bradley, which has been in service since 1981, is an Infantry Fighting Vehicle (IFV) used to transport infantry on the battlefield and provide fire support to dismounted troops and suppress or destroy enemy fighting vehicles. Updated numerous times since its introduction, the M-2 Bradley is widely considered to have reached the technological limits of its capacity to accommodate new electronics, armor, and defense systems. Two past efforts to replace the M-2 Bradley\u2014the Future Combat System (FCS) Program and the Ground Combat Vehicle (GCV) Program\u2014were cancelled for programmatic and cost-associated reasons. \nIn late 2018, the Army established Army Futures Command (AFC), intended to establish unity of command and effort while consolidating the Army\u2019s modernization process under one roof. AFC is intended to play a significant role in OMFV development and acquisition. Hoping to field the OMFV in FY2026, the Army plans to employ Section 804 Middle Tier Acquisition Authority for rapid prototyping. The Army plans to develop, in parallel, three complementary classes of Robotic Combat Vehicles (RCVs) intended to accompany the OMFV into combat both to protect the OMFV and provide additional fire support. For RCVs to be successfully developed, technical challenges with autonomous ground navigation may need to be resolved and artificial intelligence likely must evolve to permit the RCVs to function as intended. The Army has stated that a new congressionally granted acquisition authority\u2014referred to as Section 804 authority\u2014might also be used in RCV development. \nThe Army requested $219 million in Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation (RDT&E) funding for the OMFV program and $160 million in RDT&E funding for the RCV in its FY2020 Budget Request.\nFY2020 National Defense Authorization Act (H.R. 2500) authorizes an additional $ 6 million for OMFV RDT&E. H.R. 2500 also authorizes an additional $10 million for RCV RDT&E. FY2020 National Defense Authorization Act (S. 1790) authorizes an additional $15 million for OMFV RDT&E. S. 1790 also authorizes an additional $25 million for RCV RDT&E. \nThe Department of Defense Appropriation Act, 2020 (H.R. 2968), appropriates an additional $32 million for OMFV RDT&E. H.R. 2968 appropriates an additional $55 million for RCV RDT&E. S. 2474 appropriates an additional $26 million for OMFV RDT&E. S. 2474 decreases the RCV RDT&E funding by $46.621 million.\nPotential issues for Congress include the following:\nConcerns with a Single Competitor in the OMFV Engineering and Manufacturing Development (EMD) Phase.\nWhat is the relationship between the OMFV and RCVs?\nWhat are some of the benefits and concerns regarding Section 804 authority and the OMFV?", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/R45519", "sha1": "91964a410cda94636c065c386803d4328345d244", "filename": "files/20191010_R45519_91964a410cda94636c065c386803d4328345d244.html", "images": { "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/5.png": "files/20191010_R45519_images_2753aef023e36c2e620bd5340c4d87460726fa36.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/6.png": "files/20191010_R45519_images_d148086cef54714af546ebc4211661affc127863.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/2.png": "files/20191010_R45519_images_89893d3f0f30d5a48c0bf97b5fdc4fd689668c18.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/3.png": "files/20191010_R45519_images_cab4950e8b01697dc0621e7b16a59d601cca6aa9.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/1.png": "files/20191010_R45519_images_c33a04942f7c686022b3e171abf10307852ea583.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/4.png": "files/20191010_R45519_images_1845f60a8a92844c63b782cf741f30b3f00b7cb3.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/0.png": "files/20191010_R45519_images_f18c5f79c770e986ed1c57518aea20a0ec2ab013.png" } }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R45519", "sha1": "a83b6946a66abee4c66d5327e074d6525539b0d4", "filename": "files/20191010_R45519_a83b6946a66abee4c66d5327e074d6525539b0d4.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4902, "name": "Air, Land, Sea, & Projection Forces" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 600734, "date": "2019-06-21", "retrieved": "2019-07-02T22:10:06.994201", "title": "The Army\u2019s Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV) Program: Background and Issues for Congress", "summary": "In June 2018, in part due to congressional concerns, the Army announced a new modernization strategy and designated the Next Generation Combat Vehicle (NGCV) as the program to replace the M-2 Bradley. In October 2018, Army leadership decided to redesignate the NGCV as the Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV) and to add additional vehicle programs to what would be called the NGCV Program. \nThe M-2 Bradley, which has been in service since 1981, is an Infantry Fighting Vehicle (IFV) used to transport infantry on the battlefield and provide fire support to dismounted troops and suppress or destroy enemy fighting vehicles. Updated numerous times since its introduction, the M-2 Bradley is widely considered to have reached the technological limits of its capacity to accommodate new electronics, armor, and defense systems. Two past efforts to replace the M-2 Bradley\u2014the Future Combat System (FCS) Program and the Ground Combat Vehicle (GCV) Program\u2014were cancelled for programmatic and cost-associated reasons. \nIn late 2018, the Army established Army Futures Command (AFC), intended to establish unity of command and effort while consolidating the Army\u2019s modernization process under one roof. AFC is intended to play a significant role in OMFV development and acquisition. Hoping to field the OMFV in FY2026, the Army plans to employ Section 804 Middle Tier Acquisition Authority for rapid prototyping. The Army plans to develop, in parallel, three complementary classes of Robotic Combat Vehicles (RCVs) intended to accompany the OMFV into combat both to protect the OMFV and provide additional fire support. For RCVs to be successfully developed, problems with autonomous ground navigation will need to be resolved and artificial intelligence must evolve to permit the RCVs to function as intended. The Army has stated that a new congressionally granted acquisition authority\u2014referred to as Section 804 authority\u2014might also be used in RCV development. \nThe Army requested $219 million in Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation (RDT&E) funding for the OMFV program and $160 million in RDT&E funding for the RCV in its FY2020 Budget Request.\nFY2020 National Defense Authorization Act (H.R. 2500) authorizes an additional $ 6 million ($225 million) for OMFV RDT&E for structural thermoplastics. H.R. 2500 also authorizes an additional $10 million ($170 million) for RCV RDT&E for hydrogen fuel cells. FY2020 National Defense Authorization Act (S. 1790) authorizes an additional $15 million for OMFV RDT&E ($234 million) to support operational energy development and testing. S. 1790 also authorizes an additional $25 million for RCV RDT&E ($185) with $ 5 million for ground vehicle sustainment research and $20 million for hydrogen fuel cell propulsion and autonomous driving controls.\nThe Department of Defense Appropriation Bill FY2020 (H.R. 2968) appropriates an additional $32 million for OMFV RDT&E ($251 million). H.R. 2968 appropriates an additional $55 million for RCV RDT&E ($215 million).\nPotential issues for Congress include the following:\nHow will the OMFV program avoid the same fate as the cancelled FCS and GCV programs?\nWhat is the Army Futures Command\u2019s (AFC\u2019s) role in program management?\nWhat is the relationship between the OMFV and RCVs?\nWhat are some of the benefits and concerns regarding Section 804 authority and the OMFV?", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/R45519", "sha1": "ab89af9fa5d512665d87fc7beeca55195e08ddd9", "filename": "files/20190621_R45519_ab89af9fa5d512665d87fc7beeca55195e08ddd9.html", "images": { "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/5.png": "files/20190621_R45519_images_2753aef023e36c2e620bd5340c4d87460726fa36.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/6.png": "files/20190621_R45519_images_d148086cef54714af546ebc4211661affc127863.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/2.png": "files/20190621_R45519_images_89893d3f0f30d5a48c0bf97b5fdc4fd689668c18.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/3.png": "files/20190621_R45519_images_cab4950e8b01697dc0621e7b16a59d601cca6aa9.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/1.png": "files/20190621_R45519_images_c33a04942f7c686022b3e171abf10307852ea583.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/4.png": "files/20190621_R45519_images_1845f60a8a92844c63b782cf741f30b3f00b7cb3.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/0.png": "files/20190621_R45519_images_f18c5f79c770e986ed1c57518aea20a0ec2ab013.png" } }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R45519", "sha1": "6daecd388ff4d7c8598aff54a35c17ef3bdba392", "filename": "files/20190621_R45519_6daecd388ff4d7c8598aff54a35c17ef3bdba392.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4902, "name": "Air, Land, Sea, & Projection Forces" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 594605, "date": "2019-03-21", "retrieved": "2019-04-17T13:58:46.496287", "title": "The Army\u2019s Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV) Program: Background and Issues for Congress", "summary": "In June 2018, in part due to congressional concerns, the Army announced a new modernization strategy and designated the Next Generation Combat Vehicle (NGCV) as the program to replace the M-2 Bradley. In October 2018, Army leadership decided to redesignate the NGCV as the Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV) and to add additional vehicle programs to what would be called the NGCV Program. \nThe M-2 Bradley, which has been in service since 1981, is an Infantry Fighting Vehicle (IFV) used to transport infantry on the battlefield and provide fire support to dismounted troops and suppress or destroy enemy fighting vehicles. Updated numerous times since its introduction, the M-2 Bradley is widely considered to have reached the technological limits of its capacity to accommodate new electronics, armor, and defense systems. Two past efforts to replace the M-2 Bradley\u2014the Future Combat System (FCS) Program and the Ground Combat Vehicle (GCV) Program\u2014were cancelled for programmatic and cost-associated reasons. \nIn late 2018, the Army established Army Futures Command (AFC), intended to establish unity of command and effort while consolidating the Army\u2019s modernization process under one roof. AFC is intended to play a significant role in OMFV development and acquisition. Hoping to field the OMFV in FY2026, the Army plans to employ Section 804 Middle Tier Acquisition Authority for rapid prototyping. The Army plans to develop, in parallel, three complementary classes of Robotic Combat Vehicles (RCVs) intended to accompany the OMFV into combat both to protect the OMFV and provide additional fire support. For RCVs to be successfully developed, problems with autonomous ground navigation will need to be resolved and artificial intelligence must evolve to permit the RCVs to function as intended. The Army has stated that a new congressionally-granted acquisition authority\u2014referred to as Section 804 authority\u2014might also be used in RCV development. \nThe Army requested $378 million in Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation (RDT&E) funding for the OMFV program and $109 million in RDT&E funding for the RCV in its FY2020 budget request.\nPotential issues for Congress include the following:\nHow will the OMFV program avoid the same fate as the cancelled FCS and GCV programs?\nWhat is the Army Futures Command\u2019s (AFC\u2019s) role in program management?\nWhat is the relationship between the OMFV and RCVs?\nWhat are some of the benefits and concerns regarding Section 804 authority and the OMFV?", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/R45519", "sha1": "58ce0394107d81765d458ceae2e8e5475e548794", "filename": "files/20190321_R45519_58ce0394107d81765d458ceae2e8e5475e548794.html", "images": { "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/5.png": "files/20190321_R45519_images_2753aef023e36c2e620bd5340c4d87460726fa36.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/6.png": "files/20190321_R45519_images_d148086cef54714af546ebc4211661affc127863.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/2.png": "files/20190321_R45519_images_89893d3f0f30d5a48c0bf97b5fdc4fd689668c18.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/3.png": "files/20190321_R45519_images_cab4950e8b01697dc0621e7b16a59d601cca6aa9.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/1.png": "files/20190321_R45519_images_c33a04942f7c686022b3e171abf10307852ea583.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/4.png": "files/20190321_R45519_images_1845f60a8a92844c63b782cf741f30b3f00b7cb3.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=R/html/R45519_files&id=/0.png": "files/20190321_R45519_images_f18c5f79c770e986ed1c57518aea20a0ec2ab013.png" } }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R45519", "sha1": "3a2b08225dc05d1184778477f0bfcfe2e31e9cc1", "filename": "files/20190321_R45519_3a2b08225dc05d1184778477f0bfcfe2e31e9cc1.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4902, "name": "Air, Land, Sea, & Projection Forces" } ] }, { "source_dir": "crsreports.congress.gov", "title": "The Army\u2019s Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV) Program: Background and Issues for Congress", "retrieved": "2022-02-04T04:04:00.347374", "id": "R45519_1_2019-02-22", "formats": [ { "filename": "files/2019-02-22_R45519_0ff292fbeb0507e71d7aa706b2c2fd45d696fefb.pdf", "format": "PDF", "url": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R45519/1", "sha1": "0ff292fbeb0507e71d7aa706b2c2fd45d696fefb" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/2019-02-22_R45519_0ff292fbeb0507e71d7aa706b2c2fd45d696fefb.html" } ], "date": "2019-02-22", "summary": null, "source": "CRSReports.Congress.gov", "typeId": "R", "active": true, "sourceLink": "https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/details?prodcode=R45519", "type": "CRS Report" } ], "topics": [ "National Defense" ] }