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One way in which Congress has exercised this authority is by adopting measures to promote contracting and subcontracting between \u201csmall businesses\u201d and federal agencies. \nThese measures, among other things, declare a congressional policy of ensuring that a \u201cfair proportion\u201d of federal contract and subcontract dollars is awarded to small businesses; establish government-wide and agency-specific goals for the percentage of federal contract and subcontract dollars awarded to small businesses; establish an annual Small Business Goaling Report to measure progress in meeting these goals; generally require federal agencies, under specified circumstances, to reserve contracts that have an anticipated value greater than the micro-purchase threshold (currently $10,000), but not greater than the simplified acquisition threshold (currently $250,000) exclusively for small businesses; authorize federal agencies, under specified circumstances, to set aside contracts that have an anticipated value greater than the simplified acquisition threshold exclusively for small businesses; authorize federal agencies to make sole-source awards to small businesses when the award could not otherwise be made (e.g., only a single source is available, under urgent and compelling circumstances); authorize federal agencies to set aside contracts for, or grant other contracting preference to, specific types of small businesses (e.g., 8(a) small businesses, HUBZone small businesses, women-owned small businesses (WOSBs), and service-disabled veteran-owned small businesses (SDVOSBs)); and task the Small Business Administration (SBA) and other federal procurement officers with reviewing and restructuring proposed procurements to maximize opportunities for small business participation.\nSmall business contracting programs generally have strong bipartisan support. However, that does not mean that these programs face no opposition, or that issues have not been raised concerning the impact and operations of specific programs. For example, small business advocates note that implementing regulations in the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) narrow the reach (and impact) of some small business contracting preferences by excluding specific types of contracts, such as those listed in the Federal Supply Schedules, from FAR requirements pertaining to small business contracting. Advocates want the federal government to enact policies that reduce or eliminate such exclusions. 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It also does not evaluate the effect these contracts have on small businesses, industry competitiveness, or the overall economy.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/R45576", "sha1": "a330650124d6b22a4d4baa89c84c023c1af0f811", "filename": "files/20190308_R45576_a330650124d6b22a4d4baa89c84c023c1af0f811.html", "images": {} }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/R45576", "sha1": "41c2b18b7849b5b86ea911e1604d57eb9541c03b", "filename": "files/20190308_R45576_41c2b18b7849b5b86ea911e1604d57eb9541c03b.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [] } ], "topics": [ "American Law", "National Defense" ] }