{
  "id": "RL30225",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "RL30225",
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  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
  "versions": [
    {
      "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
      "id": 105407,
      "date": "2001-07-25",
      "retrieved": "2016-05-24T20:22:11.361941",
      "title": "Most-Favored-Nation Status of the People's Republic of China",
      "summary": "Particularly since and to some extent despite the Tiananmen Square incident of June 4, 1989,\nthe\nU.S. Congress has considered two diametrically opposed types of action regarding China's\nnondiscriminatory, or most-favored-nation (MFN; normal-trade-relations) tariff status in trade with\nthe United States. One has been its total withdrawal, the other of more recent origin its extension\non a permanent basis. After having been suspended in 1951, China's MFN tariff status with the\nUnited States was restored in 1980 conditionally under Title IV of the Trade Act of 1974, including\ncompliance with the Jackson-Vanik freedom-of-emigration amendment, which must be renewed\nannually, and the existence in force of a bilateral trade agreement between the two countries. This\nstatus would be either terminated or changed into a permanent one.\n China's loss of MFN tariff status would result principally in the imposition of substantially\nhigher U.S. customs duties on and in higher, often prohibitive, costs of over 95% of U.S. imports\nfrom China ($99,580.5 million total in 2000) and a likely cutback in such imports as well as possible\nretaliatory reduction by China of its imports from the United States. A significant economic\ndisadvantage might result for Hong Kong and Macau, which, despite their political reunification with\nChina, remain separate economic entities with permanent U.S. MFN status. \n Sundry legislation introduced in earlier Congresses to withdraw or severely restrict China's\nMFN status failed to be enacted, in two instances for failure to override the President's veto. In the\n105th Congress, legislation was introduced, but not passed, to grant permanent MFN status to China\noutright or upon its accession to the World Trade Organization. Some of the permanent-MFN bills\nwould have placed additional conditions or restrictions on the grant of the MFN status. \n Legislation in the 106th Congress reflected China's prospective accession to the WTO. On one\nhand, it prohibited U.S. support of China's admission to the WTO without Congress's legislative\napproval and, moreover, in two instances required the United States to withdraw from the WTO if\nChina was admitted to it without the U.S. support. On the other hand, like in prior years, Congress\nfailed to pass legislation disapproving the President's mid-year renewals of China's Jackson-Vanik\nwaiver and, moreover, enacted legislation (Title I,  P.L. 106-286 ) approving permanent\nnondiscriminatory status for China upon its accession to the WTO.\n On January 30, 1998, the President extended the trade agreement with China for 3 years, and\non June 1, 2001, renewed for one year China's Jackson-Vanik waiver and, thereby, its temporary\nnondiscriminatory status. Legislative action to disapprove the waiver renewal was defeated in the\nHouse.",
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    },
    {
      "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
      "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs2000/",
      "id": "RL30225 2001-06-07",
      "date": "2001-06-07",
      "retrieved": "2005-06-12T11:27:57",
      "title": "Most-Favored-Nation Status of the People's Republic of China",
      "summary": null,
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORT",
      "active": false,
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      "topics": [
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Trade",
          "name": "Trade"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Foreign economic relations - China - U.S.",
          "name": "Foreign economic relations - China - U.S."
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Foreign economic relations - U.S. - China",
          "name": "Foreign economic relations - U.S. - China"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Most favored nation principle",
          "name": "Most favored nation principle"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Foreign policy",
          "name": "Foreign policy"
        }
      ]
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  ],
  "topics": [
    "American Law"
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}