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      "date": "2004-03-30",
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      "title": "Homeland Security: The Presidential Coordination Office",
      "summary": "Responding to the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the\nPentagon,\nPresident George W. Bush, among other actions, announced in his September 20 address to a joint\nsession of Congress, his intention to create an Office of Homeland Security (OHS), headed by a\ndirector who would have Cabinet rank and would report directly to the President. OHS, as\nsubsequently chartered with E.O. 13228 of October 8, 2001, is an agency of the Executive Office\nof the President. The success of this office as a coordinator of federal preparations and response to\nterrorism, including the development of a comprehensive National Strategy for Homeland Security,\nmay be guided by past experience with similar such entities. This report reviews past experience --\nprincipally with the Office of War Mobilization and its successor, the Office of War Mobilization\nand Reconversion -- and its significance for OHS, as well as the administrative development of the\nnew agency. That OHS was not altogether successful in its efforts at homeland security leadership\nmay have prompted the President to propose the creation of a Department of Homeland Security in\nJune 2002. However, during the course of the establishment of the department, attempts to replace\nor recharter OHS legislatively were not successful. The establishment of the new department and\nthe new Homeland Security Council diminished the role of OHS by assuming most of its functions. \nAlthough a presidential assistant for homeland security may be retained in the White House, the\ncontinued need for OHS waned in 2003, and the agency disappeared from the President's FY2005\nbudget. This report is no longer being updated.  CRS Report RL31493 ,  Homeland Security:\nDepartment Organization and Management -- Legislative Phase , assesses the development\nand\nenactment of the Homeland Security Act of 2002.  CRS Report RL31751 ,  Homeland Security:\nDepartment Organization and Management -- Implementation Phase , assesses the\nimplementation\nof the Department of Homeland Security provisions of the Homeland Security Act of 2002.",
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      "id": "RL31148 2002-07-08",
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      "id": "RL31148 2001-10-10",
      "date": "2001-10-10",
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