{
  "id": "RL31171",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "RL31171",
  "active": true,
  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
  "versions": [
    {
      "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
      "id": 414827,
      "date": "2010-08-20",
      "retrieved": "2016-04-06T22:15:24.751147",
      "title": "Supreme Court Nominations Not Confirmed, 1789 to the Present",
      "summary": "Since 1789, Presidents have submitted 160 nominations to Supreme Court positions. Of these, 36 were not confirmed by the Senate. The 36 nominations represent 31 individuals whose names were sent forward to the Senate by Presidents (some individuals were nominated more than once). Of the 31 individuals who were not confirmed the first time they were nominated, however, six were later nominated again and confirmed. The Supreme Court nominations discussed here were not confirmed for a variety of reasons, including Senate opposition to the nominating President, nominee\u2019s views, or incumbent Court; senatorial courtesy; perceived political unreliability of the nominee; perceived lack of ability; interest group opposition; and fear of altering the balance of the Court. The Senate Committee on the Judiciary has played an important role in the confirmation process, particularly since 1868.\nAll but the most recent of these nominations have been the subject of extensive legal, historical, and political science writing, a selected list of which is included in this report.\nThis report will be updated as warranted by events.",
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORTS",
      "active": true,
      "formats": [
        {
          "format": "HTML",
          "encoding": "utf-8",
          "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/RL31171",
          "sha1": "90154d315726ed8b15eaeb233da097e8ab2fcf87",
          "filename": "files/20100820_RL31171_90154d315726ed8b15eaeb233da097e8ab2fcf87.html",
          "images": null
        },
        {
          "format": "PDF",
          "encoding": null,
          "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RL31171",
          "sha1": "d0abc25c43ba03fb13ad06cf303a68d03cdb9ece",
          "filename": "files/20100820_RL31171_d0abc25c43ba03fb13ad06cf303a68d03cdb9ece.pdf",
          "images": null
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        {
          "source": "IBCList",
          "id": 2155,
          "name": "Judicial Branch Appointments"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
      "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501908/",
      "id": "RL31171_2010May11",
      "date": "2010-05-11",
      "retrieved": "2015-03-30T22:03:27",
      "title": "Supreme Court Nominations Not Confirmed, 1789-2009",
      "summary": "From 1789 through 2009, Presidents submitted 159 nominations to Supreme Court positions. Of these, 36 were not confirmed by the Senate. This report provides a summary of these unsuccessful nominations and the factors that lead to them.",
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORT",
      "active": false,
      "formats": [
        {
          "format": "PDF",
          "filename": "files/20100511_RL31171_42e2487812bf7464c048266acd5b45bc77e8f790.pdf"
        },
        {
          "format": "HTML",
          "filename": "files/20100511_RL31171_42e2487812bf7464c048266acd5b45bc77e8f790.html"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Supreme Court",
          "name": "Supreme Court"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Supreme Court justices",
          "name": "Supreme Court justices"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Supreme Court nominations",
          "name": "Supreme Court nominations"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Presidential appointments",
          "name": "Presidential appointments"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
      "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc809696/",
      "id": "RL31171_2009Mar31",
      "date": "2009-03-31",
      "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26",
      "title": "Supreme Court Nominations Not Confirmed, 1789-2008",
      "summary": null,
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORT",
      "active": false,
      "formats": [
        {
          "format": "PDF",
          "filename": "files/20090331_RL31171_28de1db2f46b7667d7c5065abedbfb6985b394af.pdf"
        },
        {
          "format": "HTML",
          "filename": "files/20090331_RL31171_28de1db2f46b7667d7c5065abedbfb6985b394af.html"
        }
      ],
      "topics": []
    },
    {
      "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
      "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc812947/",
      "id": "RL31171_2008Jan09",
      "date": "2008-01-09",
      "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26",
      "title": "Supreme Court Nominations Not Confirmed, 1789-2007",
      "summary": null,
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORT",
      "active": false,
      "formats": [
        {
          "format": "PDF",
          "filename": "files/20080109_RL31171_699f55da33922d69abd84ec314ec419b603b646a.pdf"
        },
        {
          "format": "HTML",
          "filename": "files/20080109_RL31171_699f55da33922d69abd84ec314ec419b603b646a.html"
        }
      ],
      "topics": []
    },
    {
      "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
      "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc824445/",
      "id": "RL31171_2005Mar21",
      "date": "2005-03-21",
      "retrieved": "2016-04-04T14:48:17",
      "title": "Supreme Court Nominations Not Confirmed, 1789-2004",
      "summary": "This report discusses Supreme Court nominations that were not confirmed between 1789 and 2004 (comprising 34 nominations). Over the course of United States history, approximately one-quarter of the presidential nominations to the U.S. Supreme Court have failed to place a new Associate or Chief Justice on the bench.",
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORT",
      "active": false,
      "formats": [
        {
          "format": "PDF",
          "filename": "files/20050321_RL31171_9a16a4392d7eafe8ac815fc607594ac096718a65.pdf"
        },
        {
          "format": "HTML",
          "filename": "files/20050321_RL31171_9a16a4392d7eafe8ac815fc607594ac096718a65.html"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Supreme Court",
          "name": "Supreme Court"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Supreme Court justices",
          "name": "Supreme Court justices"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Supreme Court nominations",
          "name": "Supreme Court nominations"
        },
        {
          "source": "LIV",
          "id": "Presidential appointments",
          "name": "Presidential appointments"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "topics": []
}