{
  "id": "RL31643",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "RL31643",
  "active": false,
  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
  "versions": [
    {
      "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
      "id": 305129,
      "date": "2005-01-21",
      "retrieved": "2016-04-07T19:56:17.590029",
      "title": "National Security Education Program: Background and Issues",
      "summary": "The National Security Education Program (NSEP), authorized by the  David L. Boren\nNational\nSecurity Education Act of 1991  (NSEA, Title VIII of  P.L. 102-183 ), provides aid for\ninternational\neducation and foreign language studies by American undergraduate and graduate students, plus\ngrants to institutions of higher education. The statement of purpose for the NSEA emphasizes the\nneeds of federal government agencies, as well as the Nation's postsecondary education institutions,\nfor an increased supply of individuals knowledgeable about the languages and cultures of foreign\nnations, especially those which are of national security concern and have not traditionally been the\nfocus of American interest and study.\n  Three types of assistance are authorized and currently provided by the NSEA: (a) David L.\nBoren Scholarships for undergraduate students to study in \"critical\" foreign countries; (b) grants to\ninstitutions of higher education to establish or operate programs in \"critical\" foreign language and\narea studies areas, including a National Flagship Language Initiative-Pilot Program; and (c) David\nL. Boren Fellowships to graduate students for education abroad or in the U.S. in \"critical\" foreign\nlanguages, disciplines, and area studies. Individuals who receive NSEP fellowships and scholarships\nare obligated for a limited period of time to seek employment in a national security position with a\nfederal agency. Grant recipients who demonstrate that such positions are not available may fulfill\nthe requirement through work in any federal agency or in the field of higher education in an area of\nstudy for which the scholarship or fellowship was awarded. \n  The NSEP is intended to complement, and not duplicate, other federal programs of aid for\nforeign language and area studies education, such as those authorized under Title VI of the Higher\nEducation Act and the Fulbright-Hays Act. Distinctive elements of the NSEP, compared to most\nother federal programs of aid to international education or exchange, include the service requirement\nfor aid recipients, administration by the Department of Defense (rather than the Departments of\nEducation or State), and support for international travel by American undergraduate students. The\nrecent establishment of the NSEP pilot program, the National Flagship Language Initiative,\ndistinguishes it even further from Title VI programs. The NSEP is administered by the Department\nof Defense's National Defense University, under the guidance of a Presidentially appointed National\nSecurity Education Board. \n  Several bills passed in the 107th and 108th Congressional sessions that would have altered the\nNSEP's funding and administration. In addition, the intelligence reform bill ( P.L. 108-458 ) signed\nby the President on December 17, 2004, amends Title X of the National Security Act to create a new\nIntelligence Community Scholarship Program (ICSP) that is quite similar to the NSEP (Section\n1042). This report provides background information on the NSEP and an analysis of related issues\nincluding the ICSP. It will be updated in response to major legislative developments.",
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORTS",
      "active": false,
      "formats": [
        {
          "format": "HTML",
          "encoding": "utf-8",
          "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/RL31643",
          "sha1": "98de362590a79d7972be607297074f0f663a90fc",
          "filename": "files/20050121_RL31643_98de362590a79d7972be607297074f0f663a90fc.html",
          "images": null
        },
        {
          "format": "PDF",
          "encoding": null,
          "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RL31643",
          "sha1": "a7a5f4058766ca57e10eb5d2ffed3efa0a590074",
          "filename": "files/20050121_RL31643_a7a5f4058766ca57e10eb5d2ffed3efa0a590074.pdf",
          "images": null
        }
      ],
      "topics": []
    }
  ],
  "topics": [
    "National Defense"
  ]
}