{ "id": "RL32259", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "number": "RL32259", "active": false, "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "versions": [ { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 307596, "date": "2005-08-31", "retrieved": "2016-04-07T19:32:53.816029", "title": "Terrorism in South Asia", "summary": "This report reviews the recent incidence of terrorism in South Asia, concentrating on Pakistan\nand\nIndia, but also including Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal. The existence of\ninternational terrorist groups and their supporters in South Asia is identified as a threat to both\nregional stability and to the attainment of central U.S. policy goals. Al Qaeda forces that fled from\nAfghanistan with their Taliban supporters remain active on Pakistani territory, and Al Qaeda is\nbelieved to have links with indigenous Pakistani terrorist groups that have conducted anti-Western\nattacks and that support separatist militancy in Indian Kashmir. Al Qaeda founder Osama bin Laden\nand his lieutenant, Ayman al-Zawahiri, are widely believed to be in Pakistan. A significant portion\nof Pakistan's ethnic Pashtun population is reported to sympathize with the Taliban and even Al\nQaeda. The United States maintains close counterterrorism cooperation with Pakistan aimed\nespecially at bolstering security and stability in neighboring Afghanistan. In the latter half of 2003,\nthe Islamabad government began limited military operations in the traditionally autonomous tribal\nareas of western Pakistan. Such operations have since intensified in coordination with U.S. and\nAfghan forces just across the international frontier.\n The relationships between international terrorists, indigenous Pakistani extremist groups, and\nsome elements of Pakistan's political-military structure are complex and murky, but may represent\na serious threat to the attainment of key U.S. policy goals. There are past indications that elements\nof Pakistan's intelligence service and Pakistani Islamist political parties provided assistance to\nU.S.-designated Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTOs). A pair of December 2003 attempts to\nassassinate Pakistan's President Musharraf reportedly were linked to Al Qaeda. Lethal, but failed\nattempts to assassinate other top Pakistani officials in summer 2004 also were linked to Al\nQaeda-allied groups. Security officers in Pakistan have enjoyed notable successes in breaking up\nsignificant Al Qaeda and related networks operating in Pakistani cities, although numerous wanted\nmilitants remain at large.\n The 9/11 Commission Report contains recommendations for U.S. policy toward Pakistan,\nemphasizing the importance of eliminating terrorist sanctuaries in western Pakistan and near the\nAfghanistan-Pakistan border and calling for provision of long-term and comprehensive support to\nthe government of President Musharraf so long as that government remains committed to combating\nextremism and to a policy of \"enlightened moderation.\" Legislation passed by the 108th Congress\n( S. 2845 ) seeks to implement this and other Commission recommendations.\n The United States remains concerned by the continued \"cross-border infiltration\" of Islamic\nmilitants who traverse the Kashmiri Line of Control to engage in terrorist acts in India and Indian\nKashmir. India also is home to several indigenous separatist and Maoist-oriented terrorist groups. \nMoreover, it is thought that some Al Qaeda elements fled to Bangladesh. The Liberation Tigers of\nTamil Eelam (LTTE) of Sri Lanka have been designated as an FTO under U.S. law, while Harakat\nul-Jihad-I-Islami/Bangladesh, and the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)/United Peoples Front,\nappear on the State Department's list of \"other terrorist groups.\"", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/RL32259", "sha1": "7b2cf1ddb0450b25637f84f4bbef3d6dae841081", "filename": "files/20050831_RL32259_7b2cf1ddb0450b25637f84f4bbef3d6dae841081.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RL32259", "sha1": "d29420f0a7e706f8276b9429f70503b93ff5473b", "filename": "files/20050831_RL32259_d29420f0a7e706f8276b9429f70503b93ff5473b.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs7090/", "id": "RL32259 2004-12-13", "date": "2004-12-13", "retrieved": "2005-09-20T10:19:03", "title": "Terrorism in South Asia", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20041213_RL32259_dfd0fe978bf0bed87fa7490c327b63a5eae4c408.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20041213_RL32259_dfd0fe978bf0bed87fa7490c327b63a5eae4c408.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Criminal justice", "name": "Criminal justice" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Terrorism - South Asia", "name": "Terrorism - South Asia" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "International affairs", "name": "International affairs" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs5793/", "id": "RL32259 2004-08-09", "date": "2004-08-09", "retrieved": "2005-06-11T01:36:57", "title": "Terrorism in South Asia", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20040809_RL32259_b7296fdc69f3e0f3500450cf0702feae3a3552f4.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20040809_RL32259_b7296fdc69f3e0f3500450cf0702feae3a3552f4.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Criminal justice", "name": "Criminal justice" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Terrorism - South Asia", "name": "Terrorism - South Asia" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "International affairs", "name": "International affairs" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs5792/", "id": "RL32259 2004-03-08", "date": "2004-03-08", "retrieved": "2005-06-11T01:36:17", "title": "Terrorism in South Asia", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20040308_RL32259_69c3bf732f958fabe688631478a651be408520a9.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20040308_RL32259_69c3bf732f958fabe688631478a651be408520a9.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Criminal justice", "name": "Criminal justice" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Terrorism - South Asia", "name": "Terrorism - South Asia" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "International affairs", "name": "International affairs" } ] } ], "topics": [ "Asian Affairs", "Foreign Affairs", "Intelligence and National Security", "National Defense", "South Asian Affairs" ] }