{ "id": "RL32427", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "number": "RL32427", "active": true, "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "versions": [ { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 605975, "date": "2019-10-03", "retrieved": "2019-10-10T22:20:46.790100", "title": "Millennium Challenge Corporation: Overview and Issues", "summary": "The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) provides economic assistance through a competitive selection process to developing nations that demonstrate positive performance in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom. From the outset, Congress has been integrally involved with MCC\u2019s creation, mandate, operations, and budgets.\nEstablished in 2004, MCC provides foreign assistance that differs in several respects from U.S. aid through other agencies, including\na competitive process that rewards countries for past actions measured by objective performance indicators;\na pledge to insulate the funds from U.S. strategic foreign policy objectives that often strongly influence where U.S. aid is spent; \na mission to seek poverty reduction through economic growth, not encumbered with multiple sector objectives;\na requirement to solicit program proposals developed primarily by qualifying countries with broad-based civil society involvement; \nthe responsibility of recipient countries to implement their own MCC-funded programs, known as compacts;\na compact duration limited to five years, with funding committed up front;\ncontinuous data collection before, during, and long after a compact to quantify and assess project impact; and\nan emphasis on public transparency in every aspect of agency operations.\nCongress authorized MCC in P.L. 108-199 (January 23, 2004). From 2004 to 2019, MCC has signed 37 grant agreements, known as compacts, with 29 countries, targeting poor but well-governed states with good prospects for poverty reduction through economic growth. MCC is now a well-established component of U.S. foreign assistance, with several countries having completed two compacts. The 115th Congress passed legislation that facilitates MCC entering into multicountry regional compacts (P.L. 115-167). Though MCC funding was originally envisioned at $5 billion annually, Congress has appropriated about $900 million annually for MCC activities since FY2011, including $905 million in FY2019 (P.L. 116-6).\nKey policy issues for Congress associated with MCC include the level of funding to support MCC programs, the interpretation and application of MCC compact results data, sustainability of MCC-supported projects, and corruption concerns.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/RL32427", "sha1": "8da1bc36af512056cad88c9ef5eca3a7f6a991ff", "filename": "files/20191003_RL32427_8da1bc36af512056cad88c9ef5eca3a7f6a991ff.html", "images": { "/products/Getimages/?directory=RL/html/RL32427_files&id=/1.png": "files/20191003_RL32427_images_d0c8b496203a1aa9543a168085ac2f3176efab0b.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=RL/html/RL32427_files&id=/0.png": "files/20191003_RL32427_images_f38b11f5e7cb4cdfbe2dbac1cfedac950fa212a2.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=RL/html/RL32427_files&id=/2.png": "files/20191003_RL32427_images_f854c5e54ef8c3f4f5224f6c1d610759559bfc19.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=RL/html/RL32427_files&id=/6.png": "files/20191003_RL32427_images_cfc8b356f85283bd996b37e9a9b5ac75bf8cfada.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=RL/html/RL32427_files&id=/4.png": "files/20191003_RL32427_images_8b971ee6f5f1da3ce0af6b635b775833bcee0b18.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=RL/html/RL32427_files&id=/5.png": "files/20191003_RL32427_images_b0769715e00870b8f2741acf6e28b047ad2bee7e.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=RL/html/RL32427_files&id=/7.png": "files/20191003_RL32427_images_1cd42aa7ee9e8c2b16c5344eb6ef00719bceb0d2.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=RL/html/RL32427_files&id=/3.png": "files/20191003_RL32427_images_2c70691307302529d77e432725984f495aa32795.png" } }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RL32427", "sha1": "8ab4176be08005db968f5aa94fdc173681ffe969", "filename": "files/20191003_RL32427_8ab4176be08005db968f5aa94fdc173681ffe969.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4757, "name": "Foreign Assistance" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 584817, "date": "2018-04-18", "retrieved": "2019-04-18T14:36:52.624860", "title": "Millennium Challenge Corporation", "summary": "The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) provides economic assistance through a competitive selection process to developing nations that demonstrate positive performance in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom.\nEstablished in 2004, the MCC differs in several respects from past and current U.S. aid practices\nthe competitive process that rewards countries for past actions measured by objective performance indicators;\nits mandate to seek poverty reduction through economic growth, not encumbered with multiple sector objectives;\nthe requirement to solicit program proposals developed solely by qualifying countries with broad-based civil society involvement; \nthe responsibility of recipient countries to implement their own MCC-funded programs, known as compacts;\na compact duration limited to five years, with funding committed up front;\nthe expectation that compact projects will have measurable impact; and\nan emphasis on public transparency in every aspect of agency operations.\nOn February 12, 2018, the Trump Administration issued its FY2019 budget request, including $800 million for the MCC, a cut of $105 million (-11.6%) from FY2018-enacted levels.\nOn March 23, 2018, the Consolidated Appropriations, 2018 (P.L. 115-141) was signed into law, providing $905 million for the MCC, the same level as in FY2017.\nCongress authorized the MCC in P.L. 108-199 (January 23, 2004). Since that time, the MCC has signed 33 grant agreements, known as compacts, with 29 countries, including with Madagascar (calendar year 2005), Honduras (2005), Cape Verde (2005), Nicaragua (2005), Georgia (2005), Benin (2006), Vanuatu (2006), Armenia (2006), Ghana (2006), Mali (2006), El Salvador (2006), Mozambique (2007), Lesotho (2007), Morocco (2007), Mongolia (2007), Tanzania (2008), Burkina Faso (2008), Namibia (2008), Senegal (2009), Moldova (2010), Philippines (2010), Jordan (2010), Malawi (2011), Indonesia (2011), Cape Verde II (2012), Zambia (2012), Georgia II (2013), El Salvador II (2014), Ghana II (2014), Benin II (2015), Liberia (2015), Morocco II (2015), Niger (2016), Cote D\u2019Ivoire (2017), and Nepal (2017). \nMCC issues include the level of funding to support MCC programs, the results of MCC compacts, sustainability, and corruption concerns.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/RL32427", "sha1": "5cb407a15585cbfdd772a13f848769c55bd098d0", "filename": "files/20180418_RL32427_5cb407a15585cbfdd772a13f848769c55bd098d0.html", "images": { "/products/Getimages/?directory=RL/html/RL32427_files&id=/1.png": "files/20180418_RL32427_images_16b9553a506e405320d49747b03afda962fd7328.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=RL/html/RL32427_files&id=/0.png": "files/20180418_RL32427_images_56a32bfd3f930d68f09ec66aa04f8f6c2d4ebf8c.png" } }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RL32427", "sha1": "bcf67dac8bda0ad8e81d92d15200d43dfda7003e", "filename": "files/20180418_RL32427_bcf67dac8bda0ad8e81d92d15200d43dfda7003e.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4757, "name": "Foreign Assistance" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 580120, "date": "2018-04-12", "retrieved": "2018-04-16T13:06:36.668064", "title": "Millennium Challenge Corporation", "summary": "The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) provides economic assistance through a competitive selection process to developing nations that demonstrate positive performance in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom.\nEstablished in 2004, the MCC differs in several respects from past and current U.S. aid practices:\nthe competitive process that rewards countries for past actions measured by objective performance indicators;\nits mandate to seek poverty reduction through economic growth, not encumbered with multiple sector objectives;\nthe requirement to solicit program proposals developed solely by qualifying countries with broad-based civil society involvement; \nthe responsibility of recipient countries to implement their own MCC-funded programs, known as compacts;\na compact duration limited to five years, with funding committed up front;\nthe expectation that compact projects will have measurable impact; and\nan emphasis on public transparency in every aspect of agency operations.\nOn February 12, 2018, the Trump Administration issued its FY2019 budget request, including $800 million for the MCC, a cut of $105 million (-11.6%) from FY2018-enacted levels.\nOn March 23, 2018, the Consolidated Appropriations, 2018 (P.L. 115-141) was signed into law, providing $905 million for the MCC, the same level as in FY2017.\nCongress authorized the MCC in P.L. 108-199 (January 23, 2004). Since that time, the MCC has signed 33 grant agreements, known as compacts, with 29 countries, including with Madagascar (calendar year 2005), Honduras (2005), Cape Verde (2005), Nicaragua (2005), Georgia (2005), Benin (2006), Vanuatu (2006), Armenia (2006), Ghana (2006), Mali (2006), El Salvador (2006), Mozambique (2007), Lesotho (2007), Morocco (2007), Mongolia (2007), Tanzania (2008), Burkina Faso (2008), Namibia (2008), Senegal (2009), Moldova (2010), Philippines (2010), Jordan (2010), Malawi (2011), Indonesia (2011), Cape Verde II (2012), Zambia (2012), Georgia II (2013), El Salvador II (2014), Ghana II (2014), Benin II (2015), Liberia (2015), Morocco II (2015), Niger (2016), Cote D\u2019Ivoire (2017), and Nepal (2017). \nMCC issues include the level of funding to support MCC programs, the results of MCC compacts, sustainability, and corruption concerns.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/RL32427", "sha1": "d9416258469ba7eb18b6d2fe1dfe381247c3c011", "filename": "files/20180412_RL32427_d9416258469ba7eb18b6d2fe1dfe381247c3c011.html", "images": { "/products/Getimages/?directory=RL/html/RL32427_files&id=/1.png": "files/20180412_RL32427_images_16b9553a506e405320d49747b03afda962fd7328.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=RL/html/RL32427_files&id=/0.png": "files/20180412_RL32427_images_56a32bfd3f930d68f09ec66aa04f8f6c2d4ebf8c.png" } }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RL32427", "sha1": "90f600de62c78163729e6ed670312277a2e17d20", "filename": "files/20180412_RL32427_90f600de62c78163729e6ed670312277a2e17d20.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4757, "name": "Foreign Assistance" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 578971, "date": "2018-03-07", "retrieved": "2018-03-09T00:01:16.735679", "title": "Millennium Challenge Corporation", "summary": "The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) provides economic assistance through a competitive selection process to developing nations that demonstrate positive performance in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom.\nEstablished in 2004, the MCC differs in several respects from past and current U.S. aid practices:\nthe competitive process that rewards countries for past actions measured by objective performance indicators;\nits mandate to seek poverty reduction through economic growth, not encumbered with multiple sector objectives;\nthe requirement to solicit program proposals developed solely by qualifying countries with broad-based civil society involvement; \nthe responsibility of recipient countries to implement their own MCC-funded programs, known as compacts;\na compact duration limited to five years, with funding committed up front;\nthe expectation that compact projects will have measurable impact; and\nan emphasis on public transparency in every aspect of agency operations.\nOn February 12, 2018, the Trump Administration issued its FY2019 budget request, including $800 million for the MCC, a cut of $105 million (-11.6%) from FY2017-enacted levels.\nCongress authorized the MCC in P.L. 108-199 (January 23, 2004). Since that time, the MCC has signed 33 grant agreements, known as compacts, with 29 countries, including with Madagascar (calendar year 2005), Honduras (2005), Cape Verde (2005), Nicaragua (2005), Georgia (2005), Benin (2006), Vanuatu (2006), Armenia (2006), Ghana (2006), Mali (2006), El Salvador (2006), Mozambique (2007), Lesotho (2007), Morocco (2007), Mongolia (2007), Tanzania (2008), Burkina Faso (2008), Namibia (2008), Senegal (2009), Moldova (2010), Philippines (2010), Jordan (2010), Malawi (2011), Indonesia (2011), Cape Verde II (2012), Zambia (2012), Georgia II (2013), El Salvador II (2014), Ghana II (2014), Benin II (2015), Liberia (2015), Morocco II (2015), Niger (2016), Cote D\u2019Ivoire (2017), and Nepal (2017). \nMCC issues include the level of funding to support MCC programs, the results of MCC compacts, sustainability, and corruption concerns.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/RL32427", "sha1": "0318d854dfd3de172d8e944ec3a17ee37bb60d9c", "filename": "files/20180307_RL32427_0318d854dfd3de172d8e944ec3a17ee37bb60d9c.html", "images": { "/products/Getimages/?directory=RL/html/RL32427_files&id=/1.png": "files/20180307_RL32427_images_16b9553a506e405320d49747b03afda962fd7328.png", "/products/Getimages/?directory=RL/html/RL32427_files&id=/0.png": "files/20180307_RL32427_images_56a32bfd3f930d68f09ec66aa04f8f6c2d4ebf8c.png" } }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RL32427", "sha1": "08791603eef78b5f2763713b4aec7a8f8369bc7f", "filename": "files/20180307_RL32427_08791603eef78b5f2763713b4aec7a8f8369bc7f.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4757, "name": "Foreign Assistance" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 462568, "date": "2017-07-11", "retrieved": "2017-08-22T13:57:42.183986", "title": "Millennium Challenge Corporation", "summary": "The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) provides economic assistance through a competitive selection process to developing nations that demonstrate positive performance in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom.\nEstablished in 2004, the MCC differs in several respects from past and current U.S. aid practices:\nthe competitive process that rewards countries for past actions measured by objective performance indicators;\nits mandate to seek poverty reduction through economic growth, not encumbered with multiple sector objectives;\nthe requirement to solicit program proposals developed solely by qualifying countries with broad-based civil society involvement; \nthe responsibility of recipient countries to implement their own MCC-funded programs, known as compacts;\na compact duration limited to five years, with funding committed up front;\nthe expectation that compact projects will have measurable impact; and\nan emphasis on public transparency in every aspect of agency operations.\nOn May 5, 2017, the President signed the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2017, into law (P.L. 115-31), providing $905 million for the MCC. On May 23, 2017, the Trump Administration issued its FY2018 budget request, including $800 million for the MCC, a $105 million cut (-11.6%) from FY2017-enacted levels.\nCongress authorized the MCC in P.L. 108-199 (January 23, 2004). Since that time, the MCC has signed 33 grant agreements, known as compacts, with 27 countries, including with Madagascar (calendar year 2005), Honduras (2005), Cape Verde (2005), Nicaragua (2005), Georgia (2005), Benin (2006), Vanuatu (2006), Armenia (2006), Ghana (2006), Mali (2006), El Salvador (2006), Mozambique (2007), Lesotho (2007), Morocco (2007), Mongolia (2007), Tanzania (2008), Burkina Faso (2008), Namibia (2008), Senegal (2009), Moldova (2010), Philippines (2010), Jordan (2010), Malawi (2011), Indonesia (2011), Cape Verde II (2012), Zambia (2012), Georgia II (2013), El Salvador II (2014), Ghana II (2014), Benin II (2015), Liberia (2015), Morocco II (2015), and Niger (2016). \nMCC issues include the level of funding to support MCC programs, the results of MCC compacts, sustainability, and corruption concerns.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/RL32427", "sha1": "77fed15e9cdae62dcc99dbdbc1387be42731081e", "filename": "files/20170711_RL32427_77fed15e9cdae62dcc99dbdbc1387be42731081e.html", "images": {} }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RL32427", "sha1": "daade26f8e7886660bf1dc4ad612ef119cc1c952", "filename": "files/20170711_RL32427_daade26f8e7886660bf1dc4ad612ef119cc1c952.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4757, "name": "Foreign Assistance" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 458181, "date": "2017-01-11", "retrieved": "2017-01-13T15:41:45.663070", "title": "Millennium Challenge Corporation", "summary": "The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) provides economic assistance through a competitive selection process to developing nations that demonstrate positive performance in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom.\nEstablished in 2004, the MCC differs in several respects from past and current U.S. aid practices:\nthe competitive process that rewards countries for past actions measured by objective performance indicators;\nits mandate to seek poverty reduction through economic growth, not encumbered with multiple sector objectives;\nthe requirement to solicit program proposals developed solely by qualifying countries with broad-based civil society involvement; \nthe responsibility of recipient countries to implement their own MCC-funded programs, known as compacts;\na compact duration limited to five years, with funding committed up front;\nthe expectation that compact projects will have measurable impact; and\nan emphasis on public transparency in every aspect of agency operations.\nOn February 9, 2016, the Administration proposed its FY2017 budget, including $1 billion for the MCC, 11% higher than the FY2016 level. On December 10, 2016, the FY2017 Further Continuing Appropriations (P.L. 114-254) was signed into law. It amends an earlier continuing appropriations act (P.L. 114-223) to provide $898 million for the MCC in FY2017 and expires on April 28, 2017. \nCongress authorized the MCC in P.L. 108-199 (January 23, 2004). Since that time, the MCC has signed 33 grant agreements, known as compacts, with 27 countries, including with Madagascar (calendar year 2005), Honduras (2005), Cape Verde (2005), Nicaragua (2005), Georgia (2005), Benin (2006), Vanuatu (2006), Armenia (2006), Ghana (2006), Mali (2006), El Salvador (2006), Mozambique (2007), Lesotho (2007), Morocco (2007), Mongolia (2007), Tanzania (2008), Burkina Faso (2008), Namibia (2008), Senegal (2009), Moldova (2010), Philippines (2010), Jordan (2010), Malawi (2011), Indonesia (2011), Cape Verde II (2012), Zambia (2012), Georgia II (2013), El Salvador II (2014), Ghana II (2014), Benin II (2015), Liberia (2015), Morocco II (2015), and Niger (2016). \nMCC issues include the level of funding to support MCC programs, the results of MCC compacts, sustainability, and corruption concerns.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/RL32427", "sha1": "d6072493940a3baad1d47bf7ec9723680c871bfb", "filename": "files/20170111_RL32427_d6072493940a3baad1d47bf7ec9723680c871bfb.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RL32427", "sha1": "d73ea1a67b4a12a2b0233ec85473ebd0e3c3b32e", "filename": "files/20170111_RL32427_d73ea1a67b4a12a2b0233ec85473ebd0e3c3b32e.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4757, "name": "Foreign Assistance" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 451688, "date": "2016-04-05", "retrieved": "2016-11-28T22:24:25.257372", "title": "Millennium Challenge Corporation", "summary": "The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) provides economic assistance through a competitive selection process to developing nations that demonstrate positive performance in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom.\nEstablished in 2004, the MCC differs in several respects from past and current U.S. aid practices:\nthe competitive process that rewards countries for past actions measured by objective performance indicators;\nits mandate to seek poverty reduction through economic growth, not encumbered with multiple sector objectives;\nthe requirement to solicit program proposals developed solely by qualifying countries with broad-based civil society involvement; \nthe responsibility of recipient countries to implement their own MCC-funded programs, known as compacts;\na compact duration limited to five years, with funding committed up front;\nthe expectation that compact projects will have measurable impact; and\nan emphasis on public transparency in every aspect of agency operations.\nOn December 16, 2014, the President signed into law H.R. 83 (P.L. 113-235), the Consolidated and Continuing Appropriations Act, FY2015, providing the MCC with $899.5 million in FY2015, $1.3 million more than the FY2014 level.\nOn February 9, 2016, the Administration proposed its FY2017 budget, including $1 billion for the MCC, 11% higher than the FY2016 level.\nCongress authorized the MCC in P.L. 108-199 (January 23, 2004). Since that time, the MCC has signed 32 grant agreements, known as compacts, with 26 countries, including with Madagascar (calendar year 2005), Honduras (2005), Cape Verde (2005), Nicaragua (2005), Georgia (2005), Benin (2006), Vanuatu (2006), Armenia (2006), Ghana (2006), Mali (2006), El Salvador (2006), Mozambique (2007), Lesotho (2007), Morocco (2007), Mongolia (2007), Tanzania (2008), Burkina Faso (2008), Namibia (2008), Senegal (2009), Moldova (2010), Philippines (2010), Jordan (2010), Malawi (2011), Indonesia (2011), Cape Verde II (2012), Zambia (2012), Georgia II (2013), El Salvador II (2014), Ghana II (2014), Benin II (2015), Liberia (2015), and Morocco II (2015). \nMCC issues include the level of funding to support MCC programs, the results of MCC compacts, sustainability, and corruption concerns.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/RL32427", "sha1": "a9b228233717c8a9a0f05c462725878430d8e486", "filename": "files/20160405_RL32427_a9b228233717c8a9a0f05c462725878430d8e486.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RL32427", "sha1": "227327a46e4d3e3df53dfca17127e340b6f1be82", "filename": "files/20160405_RL32427_227327a46e4d3e3df53dfca17127e340b6f1be82.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4757, "name": "Foreign Assistance" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc505542/", "id": "RL32427_2015Mar11", "date": "2015-03-11", "retrieved": "2015-05-29T05:37:21", "title": "Millennium Challenge Corporation", "summary": "This report discusses the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) which provides economic assistance through a competitive selection process to developing nations that demonstrate positive performance in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20150311_RL32427_358802b1dc3db8bafb8dcf69306820a05f4266aa.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20150311_RL32427_358802b1dc3db8bafb8dcf69306820a05f4266aa.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign aid", "name": "Foreign aid" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "American economic assistance", "name": "American economic assistance" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Economic policy", "name": "Economic policy" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332869/", "id": "RL32427_2014Jul01", "date": "2014-07-01", "retrieved": "2014-08-27T12:47:05", "title": "Millennium Challenge Corporation", "summary": "This report discusses the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC), which provides economic assistance through a competitive selection process to developing nations that are pursuing political and economic reforms in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom. It also discusses several concerns related to MCC implementation, including the level of funding to support MCC programs.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20140701_RL32427_ce2ea2c5308d7dbb04a4db571c28ea75070b38bb.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20140701_RL32427_ce2ea2c5308d7dbb04a4db571c28ea75070b38bb.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign aid", "name": "Foreign aid" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "American economic assistance", "name": "American economic assistance" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Economic policy", "name": "Economic policy" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc306528/", "id": "RL32427_2014Apr08", "date": "2014-04-08", "retrieved": "2014-07-08T21:53:44", "title": "Millennium Challenge Corporation", "summary": "This report discusses the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC), which provides economic assistance through a competitive selection process to developing nations that are pursuing political and economic reforms in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom. It also discusses several concerns related to MCC implementation, including the level of funding to support MCC programs.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20140408_RL32427_8304b1029cb282898aa4568e8a23f693c74fbe0e.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20140408_RL32427_8304b1029cb282898aa4568e8a23f693c74fbe0e.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign aid", "name": "Foreign aid" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "American economic assistance", "name": "American economic assistance" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Economic policy", "name": "Economic policy" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc463444/", "id": "RL32427_2013Feb13", "date": "2013-02-13", "retrieved": "2014-12-05T09:57:41", "title": "Millennium Challenge Corporation", "summary": "This report discusses the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC), which provides economic assistance through a competitive selection process to developing nations that are pursuing political and economic reforms in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom. It also discusses several concerns related to MCC implementation, including the level of funding to support MCC programs.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20130213_RL32427_8304e6252f53bd08ce8673a03e120784fb1ead2a.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20130213_RL32427_8304e6252f53bd08ce8673a03e120784fb1ead2a.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "American economic assistance", "name": "American economic assistance" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Economic policy", "name": "Economic policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign aid", "name": "Foreign aid" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc810580/", "id": "RL32427_2012Jan10", "date": "2012-01-10", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Millennium Challenge Corporation", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20120110_RL32427_b1c3ffab3be490cb7439c67014f4117e1f47c6ef.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20120110_RL32427_b1c3ffab3be490cb7439c67014f4117e1f47c6ef.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc810892/", "id": "RL32427_2011Dec08", "date": "2011-12-08", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Millennium Challenge Corporation", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20111208_RL32427_7a74d101de6c1fad7dbc6f3410216c7489ba7975.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20111208_RL32427_7a74d101de6c1fad7dbc6f3410216c7489ba7975.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc40193/", "id": "RL32427_2011May3", "date": "2011-05-03", "retrieved": "2011-08-27T10:13:38", "title": "Millennium Challenge Corporation", "summary": "This report discusses the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC), which provides economic assistance through a competitive selection process to developing nations that are pursuing political and economic reforms in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom. This report also discusses several concerns related to MCC implementation, including the level of funding to support MCC programs.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20110503_RL32427_513bae05f7dd18ad6beb543e0a5d3d5d90209eff.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20110503_RL32427_513bae05f7dd18ad6beb543e0a5d3d5d90209eff.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign aid", "name": "Foreign aid" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "American economic assistance", "name": "American economic assistance" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Economic policy", "name": "Economic policy" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc31405/", "id": "RL32427_2010Nov16", "date": "2010-11-16", "retrieved": "2011-03-09T09:26:47", "title": "Millennium Challenge Corporation", "summary": "This report discusses the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC), which provides economic assistance through a competitive selection process to developing nations that are pursuing political and economic reforms in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom. This report also discusses several concerns related to MCC implementation, including the level of funding to support MCC programs.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20101116_RL32427_5d375e383cdc8eff8fdb1e6faf43b17858078ba1.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20101116_RL32427_5d375e383cdc8eff8fdb1e6faf43b17858078ba1.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign aid", "name": "Foreign aid" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "American economic assistance", "name": "American economic assistance" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Economic policy", "name": "Economic policy" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc26218/", "id": "RL32427_2009Jun26", "date": "2009-06-26", "retrieved": "2010-07-07T17:39:19", "title": "Millennium Challenge Corporation", "summary": "In a speech on March 14, 2002, President Bush outlined a proposal for a major new U.S. foreign aid initiative. The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) provides assistance through a competitive selection process to developing nations that are pursuing political and economic reforms in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom. This report describes the MCC and how it differs from other past and current U.S. aid practices.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20090626_RL32427_ad5e8a7f5452c1f14a7bd1e24e3eeba9fa74bf70.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20090626_RL32427_ad5e8a7f5452c1f14a7bd1e24e3eeba9fa74bf70.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign aid", "name": "Foreign aid" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "American economic assistance", "name": "American economic assistance" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "American technical assistance", "name": "American technical assistance" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "International relief", "name": "International relief" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc795570/", "id": "RL32427_2008Oct08", "date": "2009-01-16", "retrieved": "2016-01-13T14:26:20", "title": "NATO Enlargement: Senate Advice and Consent", "summary": "This report describes the provisions of the North Atlantic Treaty and of the original Senate debate in 1949 pertinent to enlargement and the procedures that have been followed for each subsequent enlargement proposal. It also discusses what the Senate did with respect to the reunification of Germany in 1990 and the implications of that event for Germany's membership in NATO.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20090116_RL32427_c06d6b678a4efe785f7c945c36127de0a4f067b6.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20090116_RL32427_c06d6b678a4efe785f7c945c36127de0a4f067b6.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Defense policy", "name": "Defense policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "National defense", "name": "National defense" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "NATO enlargement", "name": "NATO enlargement" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Advice and consent of the Senate", "name": "Advice and consent of the Senate" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Congress", "name": "Congress" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc815807/", "id": "RL32427_2008Jul24", "date": "2008-07-24", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Millennium Challenge Account", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20080724_RL32427_89ac306f991bf2ceb0f95b5d843986cebe497720.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20080724_RL32427_89ac306f991bf2ceb0f95b5d843986cebe497720.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc743460/", "id": "RL32427_2008Jun02", "date": "2008-06-02", "retrieved": "2015-10-20T21:35:54", "title": "Millennium Challenge Account", "summary": "This report discusses a proposal for a major new U.S. foreign aid initiative. The Millennium Challenge Account (MCA) is managed by the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) and provides assistance, through a competitive selection process, to developing nations that are pursuing political and economic reforms in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom. If fully implemented, the initiative would represent one of the largest increases in foreign aid spending in half a century.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20080602_RL32427_8ff1225863d91d725567bce835fdfb4e0da760be.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20080602_RL32427_8ff1225863d91d725567bce835fdfb4e0da760be.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign policy", "name": "Foreign policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign aid", "name": "Foreign aid" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "American economic assistance -- Developing countries", "name": "American economic assistance -- Developing countries" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc816326/", "id": "RL32427_2007Feb27", "date": "2007-02-27", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Millennium Challenge Account", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20070227_RL32427_e0a4ae57a8224e0a6596624cd9271eb67e93c495.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20070227_RL32427_e0a4ae57a8224e0a6596624cd9271eb67e93c495.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc805594/", "id": "RL32427_2007Jan03", "date": "2007-01-03", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Millennium Challenge Account", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20070103_RL32427_1150bd2a9112373395471d9c984b53c6fa757584.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20070103_RL32427_1150bd2a9112373395471d9c984b53c6fa757584.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9358/", "id": "RL32427_2006Aug01", "date": "2006-08-01", "retrieved": "2006-12-05T10:06:32", "title": "Millenium Challenge Account", "summary": "This report discusses the Millennium Challenge Account (MCA) that provides assistance, through a competitive selection process, to developing nations that are pursing political and economic reforms in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20060801_RL32427_bf2dcf9a1f55d472a9c429c1f7a8c9f438db9e7d.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20060801_RL32427_bf2dcf9a1f55d472a9c429c1f7a8c9f438db9e7d.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign aid", "name": "Foreign aid" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "International relief - Law and legislation", "name": "International relief - Law and legislation" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs10417/", "id": "RL32427_2006Jun02", "date": "2006-06-02", "retrieved": "2008-12-11T20:26:42", "title": "Millennium Challenge Account: Implementation of a New U.S. Foreign Aid Initiative", "summary": "In a speech on March 14, 2002, President Bush outlined a proposal for a major new U.S. foreign aid initiative. The program, referred to as the Millennium Challenge Account (MCA), is managed by the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) and provides assistance, through a competitive selection process, to developing nations that are pursing political and economic reforms in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom. If fully implemented, the initiative would represent one of the largest increases in foreign aid spending in half a century, outpaced only by the Marshall Plan following World War II and the Latin America-focused Alliance for Progress in the early 1960s.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20060602_RL32427_50267c27e871a2b3fe41fd238cfc26f0eb919863.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20060602_RL32427_50267c27e871a2b3fe41fd238cfc26f0eb919863.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign aid", "name": "Foreign aid" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "American economic assistance - Developing countries", "name": "American economic assistance - Developing countries" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc812469/", "id": "RL32427_2006Feb07", "date": "2006-02-07", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Millennium Challenge Account: Implementation of a New U.S. Foreign Aid Initiative", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20060207_RL32427_564c379ca09d6972491364c18c3d6a812fe985f1.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20060207_RL32427_564c379ca09d6972491364c18c3d6a812fe985f1.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs8035/", "id": "RL32427_2005Nov14", "date": "2005-11-14", "retrieved": "2006-02-14T16:56:45", "title": "Millennium Challenge Account: Implementation of a New U.S. Foreign Aid Initiative", "summary": "This report discusses the Millennium Challenge Account (MCA), which provides assistance, through a competitive selection process, to\r\ndeveloping nations that are pursing political and economic reforms in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people, and fostering economic freedom.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20051114_RL32427_74ff07fba4755bfc2f0a0241ca4165b634f90043.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20051114_RL32427_74ff07fba4755bfc2f0a0241ca4165b634f90043.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign aid", "name": "Foreign aid" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "American economic assistance - Developing countries", "name": "American economic assistance - Developing countries" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6756/", "id": "RL32427 2005-07-01", "date": "2005-07-01", "retrieved": "2005-08-10T08:52:48", "title": "Millennium Challenge Account: Implementation of a New U.S. Foreign Aid Initiative", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20050701_RL32427_2208179b3078d3dd33dd34ccb0729d20b2f6905b.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20050701_RL32427_2208179b3078d3dd33dd34ccb0729d20b2f6905b.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign aid", "name": "Foreign aid" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "American economic assistance - Developing countries", "name": "American economic assistance - Developing countries" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6682/", "id": "RL32427 2005-05-25", "date": "2005-05-25", "retrieved": "2005-08-03T11:27:38", "title": "Millennium Challenge Account: Implementation of a New U.S. Foreign Aid Initiative", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20050525_RL32427_8cb447ef9f561a6c415a6bf00bfda9de5ce9b15a.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20050525_RL32427_8cb447ef9f561a6c415a6bf00bfda9de5ce9b15a.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign aid", "name": "Foreign aid" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "American economic assistance - Developing countries", "name": "American economic assistance - Developing countries" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6236/", "id": "RL32427 2005-01-21", "date": "2005-01-21", "retrieved": "2005-06-11T12:53:37", "title": "Millennium Challenge Account: Implementation of a New U.S. Foreign Aid Initiative", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20050121_RL32427_e3183a78869fa3f3d7c6dafd408694aa4e45f51b.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20050121_RL32427_e3183a78869fa3f3d7c6dafd408694aa4e45f51b.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign aid", "name": "Foreign aid" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "American economic assistance - Developing countries", "name": "American economic assistance - Developing countries" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs6589/", "id": "RL32427 2004-11-12", "date": "2004-11-12", "retrieved": "2005-08-03T11:26:56", "title": "Millennium Challenge Account: Implementation of a New U.S. Foreign Aid Initiative", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20041112_RL32427_5633999c31a0d950458bfaed9c7477879cd2b382.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20041112_RL32427_5633999c31a0d950458bfaed9c7477879cd2b382.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign aid", "name": "Foreign aid" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "American economic assistance - Developing countries", "name": "American economic assistance - Developing countries" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc818356/", "id": "RL32427_2004Jun30", "date": "2004-06-30", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Millennium Challenge Account: Implementation of a New U.S. Foreign Aid Initiative", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20040630_RL32427_59c6d2faafc80be1632282cf408279b46b7719fc.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20040630_RL32427_59c6d2faafc80be1632282cf408279b46b7719fc.html" } ], "topics": [] } ], "topics": [ "Foreign Affairs" ] }