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      "date": "2006-02-16",
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      "title": "Mexico-United States Dialogue on Migration and Border Issues, 2001-2006",
      "summary": "This report, which will be updated periodically, focuses on the interactions between Mexico and\nthe\nUnited States on migration and border issues during the administrations of President George W.\nBush and President Vicente Fox of Mexico These interactions are increasingly tense in 2006 due to\nviolence in the border region and debate over U.S. immigration reform. The discussions and\nagreements fall into four areas: (1) the bilateral migration talks, (2) the Partnership for Prosperity,\n(3) the Border Partnership Agreement, and (4) the trilateral \u201cSecurity and Prosperity\nPartnership\n(SPP) of North America.\u201d\n \n The bilateral migration talks that began in 2001 stalled following the terrorist attacks upon the\nUnited States. President Bush first called for a temporary worker program in January 2004 and\nsimilar legislative proposals are pending. In May 2005, Congress passed the REAL ID Act of 2005,\nwith provisions that strengthen border control and establish identity card standards. In late\nNovember 2005 and January 2006, President Bush called for a guest worker program in the context\nof enhanced border control, while Mexico called for shared responsibility approaches. In December\n2005, the House passed  H.R. 4437  (Border Protection, Antiterrorism, and Illegal\nImmigration Control Act of 2005) that would increase border and immigration controls, including\ndeployment of a fence along the Mexico-U.S. border.\n \n The Partnership for Prosperity (P4P) was launched in September 2001 as a public-private\nalliance of Mexican and U.S. governmental and business leaders to promote economic development\nin Mexico, especially in areas with high migration rates. By the end of 2004, P4P programs had\nlowered fees for transferring funds from the United States to Mexico, brought together more than\n1,400 business and government leaders, and developed innovative methods to finance infrastructure\nprojects.\n \n The Border Partnership (\u201cSmart Border\u201d) Agreement was announced in March\n2002, to enhance \nborder security by utilizing technology to strengthen infrastructure while facilitating the transit of\npeople and goods across the border. When Mexico\u2019s Secretary of Government Santiago\nCreel met\nwith Secretary of Homeland Security Michael Chertoff in May 2005 they focused on the six new\nSENTRI lanes, eight new FAST lanes and the repatriation of Mexican nationals in the coming\nmonths. \n \n The trilateral \u201cSecurity and Prosperity Partnership (SPP) of North America\u201d was\nlaunched on\nMarch 23, 2005, at a summit that President Bush hosted in Texas with President Fox and Prime\nMinister Martin, to advance the common security and the common prosperity of the countries\nthrough expanded cooperation and harmonization of immigration, border, and security policies. In\nlate June 2005, U.S., Canadian, and Mexican officials released a Report to Leaders with initial\nresults and proposed initiatives for future cooperation. Among the results the ministers highlighted\nwere agreement to implement common methods of screening individuals and cargo, expansion of\nthe SENTRI and FAST programs, common principles for electronic commerce, and harmonization\nof regulatory processes.",
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      "id": "RL32735_2005Nov30",
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