{
  "id": "RL33030",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "RL33030",
  "active": false,
  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
  "versions": [
    {
      "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
      "id": 310759,
      "date": "2005-08-10",
      "retrieved": "2016-04-07T19:35:49.607029",
      "title": "The Budget Reconciliation Process: House and Senate Procedures",
      "summary": "The budget reconciliation process is an optional procedure that operates as an adjunct to the\nbudget\nresolution process established by the Congressional Budget Act of 1974. The chief purpose of the\nreconciliation process is to enhance Congress\u2019s ability to change current law in order to bring\nrevenue, spending, and debt-limit levels into conformity with the policies of the annual budget\nresolution.\n \n Reconciliation is a two-stage process. First, reconciliation directives are included in the budget\nresolution, instructing the appropriate committees to develop legislation achieving the desired\nbudgetary outcomes. If the budget resolution instructs more than one committee in a chamber, then\nthe instructed committees submit their legislative recommendations to their respective Budget\nCommittees by the deadline prescribed in the budget resolution; the Budget Committees incorporate\nthem into an omnibus budget reconciliation bill without making any substantive revisions. In cases\nwhere only one committee has been instructed, the process allows that committee to report its\nreconciliation legislation directly to its parent chamber, thus bypassing the Budget Committee.\n \n The second step involves consideration of the resultant reconciliation legislation by the House\nand Senate under expedited procedures. Among other things, debate in the Senate on any\nreconciliation measure is limited to 20 hours (and 10 hours on a conference report) and amendments\nmust be germane and not include extraneous matter. The House Rules Committee typically\nrecommends a special rule for the consideration of a reconciliation measure in the House that places\nrestrictions on debate time and the offering of amendments.\n \n As an optional procedure, reconciliation has not been used in every year that the congressional\nbudget process has been in effect. Beginning with the first use of reconciliation by both the House\nand Senate in 1980, however, reconciliation has been used in most years. In three years, 1998 (for\nFY1999), 2002 (for FY2003), and 2004 (for FY2005), the House and Senate did not agree on a\nbudget resolution. Congress has sent the President 19 reconciliation acts over the years; 16 were\nsigned into law and three were vetoed (and the vetoes not overriden).\n \n Following an introduction that provides an overview of the reconciliation process and discusses\nits historical development, the report explains the process in sections dealing with the underlying\nauthorities, reconciliation directives in budget resolutions, initial consideration of reconciliation\nmeasures in the House and Senate, resolving House-Senate differences on reconciliation measures,\nand presidential approval or disapproval of such measures. The text of two relevant sections of the\nCongressional Budget Act of 1974 (Sections 310 and 313) is set forth in the appendices, along with\na list of other Congressional Research Service products pertaining to reconciliation procedures.\n \n This report will be updated as developments warrant.",
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      "typeId": "REPORTS",
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