{ "id": "RL33292", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "number": "RL33292", "active": false, "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "versions": [ { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 324119, "date": "2006-12-22", "retrieved": "2016-04-07T18:36:46.988029", "title": "India's Nuclear Separation Plan: Issues and Views", "summary": "On July 18, 2005, President Bush and Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh announced the\ncreation of a \"global partnership,\" which would include \"full\" civil nuclear cooperation between the\nUnited States and India. This is at odds with nearly three decades of U.S. nonproliferation policy and\npractice. President Bush promised India he would persuade Congress to amend the pertinent laws\nto approve the agreement, as well as persuade U.S. allies to create an exception to multilateral\nNuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) guidelines for India. India committed to, among other things,\nseparating its civilian nuclear facilities from its military nuclear facilities, declaring civilian facilities\nto the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and placing them under IAEA safeguards, and\nsigning an Additional Protocol. See CRS Report RL33016 , U.S. Nuclear Cooperation With\nIndia:\nIssues for Congress , by Sharon Squassoni, for further details on the agreement.\n The separation plan announced by Prime Minister Singh and President Bush on March 2, 2006,\nand further elaborated on May 11, 2006, would place 8 power reactors under inspection, bringing\nthe total up to 14 out of a possible 22 under inspection. Several fuel fabrication and spent fuel\nstorage facilities were declared, as well as 3 heavy water plants that were described as\n\"safeguards-irrelevant.\" The plan excludes from international inspection 8 indigenous power\nreactors, enrichment and spent fuel reprocessing facilities (except as currently safeguarded), military\nproduction reactors and other military nuclear plants and 3 heavy water plants. Administration\nofficials have defended the separation plan as credible and defensible because it covers more than\njust a token number of Indian facilities, provides for safeguards in perpetuity, and includes upstream\nand downstream facilities.\n U.S. officials acknowledge the importance of a credible separation plan to ensuring that the\nUnited States complies with its Article I obligations under the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty\n(NPT) -- to not in any way assist a nuclear weapons program in a non-nuclear weapon state. For\nalmost 30 years, the U.S. legal standard has been that only nuclear safeguards on all nuclear activities\nin a state provides adequate assurances. The Administration is apparently asking Congress to back\na lower level of assurance by proposing that the separation plan take the place of comprehensive\nsafeguards.\n Congress is likely to consider this issue as well as others when the Administration eventually\nsubmits its cooperation agreement with India for approval by both chambers. P.L. 109-401 , signed\non December 18, 2006, provides waivers for a nuclear cooperation agreement with India from\nrelevant Atomic Energy Act provisions, and requires detailed information on the separation plan and\nresultant safeguards. This report, which will be updated as necessary, provides background on\nIndia's nuclear fuel cycle, a discussion of various issues involved in separating civilian and military\nnuclear facilities and potential concerns for Congress as it considers whether the United States has\nadequate assurances that its nuclear cooperation does not assist, encourage, or induce India's nuclear\nweapons development, production, or proliferation.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/RL33292", "sha1": "96fa8b3d3705f64e5126e87dcb9147ac28c4912b", "filename": "files/20061222_RL33292_96fa8b3d3705f64e5126e87dcb9147ac28c4912b.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RL33292", "sha1": "bcfde7b99c0e29bef8632905ed9c6277f59d2ac2", "filename": "files/20061222_RL33292_bcfde7b99c0e29bef8632905ed9c6277f59d2ac2.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc815798/", "id": "RL33292_2006Nov21", "date": "2006-11-21", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "India\u2019s Nuclear Separation Plan: Issues and Views", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20061121_RL33292_c3ef22223b5d3403e1b60cd3f9d31459595121ca.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20061121_RL33292_c3ef22223b5d3403e1b60cd3f9d31459595121ca.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9412/", "id": "RL33292_2006Jul21", "date": "2006-07-21", "retrieved": "2006-12-05T11:24:53", "title": "India's Nuclear Separation Plan: Issues and Views", "summary": "This report provides background on India\u2019s nuclear fuel cycle, a discussion of various issues involved in separating civilian and military nuclear facilities and potential concerns for Congress as it considers whether the United States has adequate assurances that its nuclear cooperation does not assist, encourage, or induce India\u2019s nuclear weapons development, production, or proliferation.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20060721_RL33292_fbd617e7707ce5d2cadafced7b1f7c983f360b30.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20060721_RL33292_fbd617e7707ce5d2cadafced7b1f7c983f360b30.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Defense policy", "name": "Defense policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations - India - U.S.", "name": "Foreign relations - India - U.S." }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign relations - U.S. - India", "name": "Foreign relations - U.S. - India" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Nuclear nonproliferation", "name": "Nuclear nonproliferation" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Foreign policy", "name": "Foreign policy" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc816838/", "id": "RL33292_2006Mar10", "date": "2006-03-10", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "India\u2019s Nuclear Separation Plan: Issues and Views", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20060310_RL33292_c71c81b79a1284b85552c5d3ce14cb46f9d17db3.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20060310_RL33292_c71c81b79a1284b85552c5d3ce14cb46f9d17db3.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metacrs9169/", "id": "RL33292_2006Mar03", "date": "2006-03-03", "retrieved": "2006-08-10T15:41:10", "title": "India's Nuclear Separation Plan: Issues and Views", "summary": "This report provides background on India\u2019s nuclear fuel cycle, a discussion of\r\nvarious issues involved in separating civilian and military nuclear facilities and\r\npotential concerns for Congress as it considers whether the United States has\r\nadequate assurances that its nuclear cooperation does not assist, encourage, or induce\r\nIndia\u2019s nuclear weapons development, production, or proliferation.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20060303_RL33292_fd170e7f32f7ef829ed54d2d915b56adebbae9ce.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20060303_RL33292_fd170e7f32f7ef829ed54d2d915b56adebbae9ce.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Defense policy", "name": "Defense policy" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Nuclear facilities - India", "name": "Nuclear facilities - India" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Treaties", "name": "Treaties" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Nuclear fuels - India", "name": "Nuclear fuels - India" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "International control of nuclear power", "name": "International control of nuclear power" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Nuclear nonproliferation", "name": "Nuclear nonproliferation" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "International affairs", "name": "International affairs" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Energy", "name": "Energy" } ] } ], "topics": [ "Foreign Affairs", "Intelligence and National Security", "National Defense" ] }