{
  "id": "RL34141",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "RL34141",
  "active": false,
  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
  "versions": [
    {
      "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
      "id": 341055,
      "date": "2008-01-29",
      "retrieved": "2016-04-07T03:45:08.490525",
      "title": "Diplomacy for the 21st Century: Transformational Diplomacy",
      "summary": "Many foreign affairs experts believe that the international system is undergoing a momentous transition affecting its very nature. Some, such as former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, compare the changes in the international system to those of a century ago. Secretary of State Rice relates the changes to the period following the Second World War and the start of the Cold War. At the same time, concerns are being raised about the need for major reform of the institutions and tools of American diplomacy to meet the coming challenges. At issue is how the United States adjusts its diplomacy to address foreign policy demands in the 21st Century.\nOn January 18, 2006, in a speech at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C., Secretary Rice outlined her vision for diplomacy changes that she referred to as \u201ctransformational diplomacy\u201d to meet this 21st Century world. The new diplomacy elevates democracy-promotion activities inside countries. According to Secretary Rice in her February 14, 2006 testimony before Senate Foreign Relations Committee, the objective of transformational diplomacy is: \u201cto work with our many partners around the world to build and sustain democratic, well-governed states that will respond to the needs of their people and conduct themselves responsibly in the international system.\u201d Secretary Rice\u2019s announcement included moving people and positions from Washington, D.C., and Europe to \u201cstrategic\u201d countries; it also created a new position of Director of Foreign Assistance, modified the tools of diplomacy, and changed U.S. foreign policy emphasis away from relations among governments to one of supporting changes within countries.\nExcept for needed appropriations, Congressional involvement in the implementation of the transformational diplomacy proposal appears to some observers to have been minimal. Changes were made under existing authorities, and no legislation or new authority was requested from Congress. In 2007, the State Department sought legislative authority (S. 613/H.R. 1084) to authorize funding and personnel issues for some aspects of the plan. To date, Congress has not considered the legislation.\nAs the transformational diplomacy proposal continues to be implemented, increased transformational diplomacy-related appropriations may be requested. Congress may also exercise its oversight responsibilities to monitor the effect that transformational diplomacy has on achieving foreign policy goals, maintaining a top quality Foreign Service, and providing the best possible representation around the world.\nThis report provides an overview of Secretary of State Rice\u2019s transformational diplomacy plan. It examines the calls for reform of America\u2019s current diplomatic institutions, and the Administration\u2019s response\u2014transformational diplomacy. The report also presents the concerns many experts have expressed regarding specific elements of this proposal, and a sample of reactions in other countries. Finally, the report discusses various issues that may be considered by Congress. This report will be updated as warranted.",
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORTS",
      "active": false,
      "formats": [
        {
          "format": "HTML",
          "encoding": "utf-8",
          "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/RL34141",
          "sha1": "369fb44c7dd3ab7d5fffea541421dbdc282bf9b0",
          "filename": "files/20080129_RL34141_369fb44c7dd3ab7d5fffea541421dbdc282bf9b0.html",
          "images": null
        },
        {
          "format": "PDF",
          "encoding": null,
          "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RL34141",
          "sha1": "1e286a435879dda69616bb0af5979c4f8785fda7",
          "filename": "files/20080129_RL34141_1e286a435879dda69616bb0af5979c4f8785fda7.pdf",
          "images": null
        }
      ],
      "topics": []
    },
    {
      "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department",
      "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc806556/",
      "id": "RL34141_2007Aug23",
      "date": "2007-08-23",
      "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26",
      "title": "Diplomacy for the 21st Century: Transformational Diplomacy",
      "summary": null,
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORT",
      "active": false,
      "formats": [
        {
          "format": "PDF",
          "filename": "files/20070823_RL34141_e9baffbcdc4565e9aaf4866ac0ee9ad788adb1cd.pdf"
        },
        {
          "format": "HTML",
          "filename": "files/20070823_RL34141_e9baffbcdc4565e9aaf4866ac0ee9ad788adb1cd.html"
        }
      ],
      "topics": []
    }
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Appropriations",
    "Foreign Affairs",
    "National Defense"
  ]
}