{
  "id": "RS20001",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "RS20001",
  "active": false,
  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
  "versions": [
    {
      "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
      "id": 102407,
      "date": "2001-01-31",
      "retrieved": "2016-05-24T20:28:12.899941",
      "title": "Jonathan Pollard: Background and Considerations for Presidential Clemency",
      "summary": "Jonathan Jay Pollard and his wife, Anne Henderson Pollard, were arrested in 1985 on charges\nof\nspying for Israel. Pollard pleaded guilty and received a life sentence, and remains in prison. Anne\nHenderson Pollard received a five-year sentence, and was released early in 1989. At first, the Israeli\ngovernment claimed Pollard's activities were not sanctioned by the Israeli government and were part\nof a rogue operation, but the Israeli government granted citizenship to Pollard in 1996, and admitted\nthat Pollard was spying for the government of Israel in 1998. Israeli Prime Ministers on several\noccasions requested that President Clinton grant clemency to Pollard, but the Clinton Administration\nended without a reprieve. It is likely that the Israeli government will raise the issue again and some\nU.S. groups continue to advocate Pollard's release. At issue is the question: should the President\ngrant clemency to Jonathan Pollard? Those supporting clemency argue that Pollard has served long\nenough, that he spied for a friendly nation, not an enemy, that his release will help the peace process,\nand that the United States reneged on the plea agreement. Those who oppose clemency argue that\nPollard's spying exposed U.S. intelligence methods and personnel, that the Pollard case is not related\nto the peace process, that who he spied for is irrelevant, and that the judges' sentence was justified\nby the magnitude of the crime. The report will not be updated.",
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORTS",
      "active": false,
      "formats": [
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          "encoding": null,
          "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RS20001",
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          "images": null
        },
        {
          "format": "HTML",
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      ],
      "topics": []
    }
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Foreign Affairs",
    "Middle Eastern Affairs",
    "National Defense"
  ]
}