{
  "id": "RS20031",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "RS20031",
  "active": false,
  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
  "versions": [
    {
      "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
      "id": 102426,
      "date": "1999-03-17",
      "retrieved": "2016-05-24T20:46:02.745941",
      "title": "China and U.S. Missile Defense Proposals: Reactions and Implications",
      "summary": "The Chinese government has strongly criticized U.S. announcements that it will develop or assist\nin deploying missile defense systems involving cooperation with U.S. allies in East Asia, and reports\nof such possible U.S. cooperation with Taiwan. For those in the United States, the U.S. plans have\nmany perceived disadvantages and advantages;  (1)  the latter include notably\nproviding degrees of\nprotection for the United States and its allies against ballistic missile attack. Many in China believe\nthat proposed U.S. development and deployment of ballistic missile defenses at home and in East\nAsia pose potentially serious complications for China's ability to use its nuclear weapons to deter\npossible U.S. pressure and aggression, and to use Chinese ballistic missile capability to exert\nleverage over Japan, Taiwan, and others in East Asia. Beijing's options include using political\nmeans to curb U.S. efforts or to seek reassurances from the United States; military options include\nincreasing the number of Chinese missiles and warheads, and using force to intimidate Taiwan from\ndeveloping a viable missile defense system. Though the U.S. government may attempt to reassure\nChina that it is not the target of the new systems, initial Chinese reactions suggest that the United\nStates may face serious difficulties with China if on balance it sees U.S. interests well served by\ncurrent plans and goes ahead with them, and especially if it supports ballistic missile defense efforts\nin Taiwan. This report will be updated periodically. \n     1.   In March 1999, legislation favoring a national missile defense\nfor the United States ( S. 257 \nand  H.R. 4 ) received close congressional attention. For a review of the arguments about these\nsystems, see  National Missile Defense,  by Steven Hildreth, CRS Report 96-441; and\n Theater Air and Missile\nDefense,  by Robert Shuey, CRS Issue Brief IB98028. See also  Ballistic Missile\nDefenses,  CRS Info Pack\nIP496.",
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORTS",
      "active": false,
      "formats": [
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          "encoding": null,
          "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RS20031",
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          "filename": "files/19990317_RS20031_2696afa99d69213acc68a5e2bd8a2984e1af9bcd.pdf",
          "images": null
        },
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          "format": "HTML",
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        }
      ],
      "topics": []
    }
  ],
  "topics": [
    "Foreign Affairs",
    "Intelligence and National Security",
    "National Defense"
  ]
}