{
  "id": "RS21572",
  "type": "CRS Report",
  "typeId": "REPORTS",
  "number": "RS21572",
  "active": false,
  "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
  "versions": [
    {
      "source": "EveryCRSReport.com",
      "id": 102106,
      "date": "2003-07-16",
      "retrieved": "2016-04-08T14:41:46.577544",
      "title": "Capital Punishment: Summary of Supreme Court Decisions of the 2002-2003 Term",
      "summary": "In its 2001-2002 term, for the first time since 1988, the Supreme Court placed substantial new\nrestrictions on the powers to impose the death penalty. In  Ring v. Arizona   (1) , it overturned a death\nsentence imposed by a judge, holding that defendants have a Sixth Amendment right to have a\njury--not a judge--determine whether aggravating factors warrant the imposition of the death penalty. \nIn  Atkins v. Virginia ,  (2)  it held that the execution of the\nmentally retarded is cruel and unusual\npunishment. In the 2002-2003 term, in  Miller-El v. Cockrell  the Court imposed an\nadditional\nrestriction when it decided that an African-American death row inmate should have been allowed\nto appeal the rejection of his contention that the jury that convicted him was screened by prosecutors\nin a racially biased way. In  Wiggins v. Smith,  it held that a capital defendant had been\ndenied\neffective counsel. In  Sattazahn v. Pennsylvania,  the Court decided that there was no\ndouble-jeopardy\nbar to Pennsylvania's sentencing scheme providing for the death penalty on retrial. And in\n Stanford\nv. Kentucky , it denied a  habeas corpus  petition filed by Kevin Stanford which in\neffect upheld the\nexecution of those who were 16 or 17 at the time of their crime (Kevin was 17 when he killed a gas\nstation attendant).\n     1.  \u00a0536 U.S.  584 (2002).\n  2.  \u00a0536 U.S.  304 (2002).",
      "type": "CRS Report",
      "typeId": "REPORTS",
      "active": false,
      "formats": [
        {
          "format": "PDF",
          "encoding": null,
          "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RS21572",
          "sha1": "34ff064608469268fdd1d423020e6814186e1399",
          "filename": "files/20030716_RS21572_34ff064608469268fdd1d423020e6814186e1399.pdf",
          "images": null
        },
        {
          "format": "HTML",
          "filename": "files/20030716_RS21572_34ff064608469268fdd1d423020e6814186e1399.html"
        }
      ],
      "topics": []
    }
  ],
  "topics": [
    "American Law"
  ]
}