{ "id": "RS22188", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "number": "RS22188", "active": true, "source": "EveryCRSReport.com, University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "versions": [ { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 602805, "date": "2019-07-18", "retrieved": "2019-12-20T16:55:42.404177", "title": "Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: In Brief", "summary": "The veto power vested in the President by Article I, Section 7 of the Constitution has proven to be an effective tool in the executive branch\u2019s dealings with Congress. In order for a bill to become law, the President either signs the bill into law, or the President allows the bill to become law without signature after a 10-day period.\nRegular vetoes occur when the President refuses to sign a bill and returns the bill complete with objections to Congress within 10 days. Upon receipt of the rejected bill, Congress is able to begin the veto override process, which requires a two-thirds affirmative vote in both chambers in order for the bill to become law. Pocket vetoes occur when the President receives a bill but is unable to reject and return the bill to an adjourned Congress within the 10-day period. The bill, though lacking a signature and formal objections, does not become law. Pocket vetoes are not subject to the congressional veto override process. \nSince the founding of the federal government in 1789, 38 of 45 Presidents have exercised their veto authority a total of 2,576 times. Congress has overridden these vetoes on 111 occasions (4.3%). Presidents have vetoed 83 appropriations bills, and Congress has overridden 12 (14.5%) of these vetoes. \nPresident Donald Trump has vetoed two measures since taking office in 2017, both in the first session of the 116th Congress. They are\nH.J.Res. 46, Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on February 15, 2019, vetoed on March 15, 2019; and\nS.J.Res. 7, A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities in the Republic of Yemen that have not been authorized by Congress, vetoed on April 16, 2019. \nThe House and Senate, respectively, sustained the President\u2019s veto in both instances.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/RS22188", "sha1": "dcf7e572d04cc7413253ae3817dd497c77d7d482", "filename": "files/20190718_RS22188_dcf7e572d04cc7413253ae3817dd497c77d7d482.html", "images": {} }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "https://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RS22188", "sha1": "f7535d04dfbefa1744094336924592a4a90f8d0f", "filename": "files/20190718_RS22188_f7535d04dfbefa1744094336924592a4a90f8d0f.pdf", "images": {} } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4756, "name": "Separation of Powers" }, { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4835, "name": "Resolving Bicameral Differences & Presidential Action" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 454739, "date": "2016-08-02", "retrieved": "2016-11-28T21:49:55.017369", "title": "Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: In Brief", "summary": "The veto power vested in the President by Article I, Section 7 of the Constitution has proven to be an effective tool in the executive branch\u2019s dealings with Congress. In order for a bill to become law, the President either signs the bill into law, or the President allows the bill to become law without signature after a 10-day period.\nRegular vetoes occur when the President refuses to sign a bill and returns the bill complete with objections to Congress within 10 days. Upon receipt of the rejected bill, Congress is able to begin the veto override process, which requires a two-thirds affirmative vote in both chambers in order for the bill to become law. Pocket vetoes occur when the President receives a bill but is unable to reject and return the bill to an adjourned Congress within the 10-day period. The bill, though lacking a signature and formal objections, does not become law. Pocket vetoes are not subject to the congressional veto override process. \nSince the founding of the federal government in 1789, 37 of 44 Presidents have exercised their veto authority a total of 2,572 times. Congress has overridden these vetoes on 110 occasions (4.3%). Presidents have vetoed 83 appropriations bills, and Congress has overridden 12 (14.5%) of these vetoes. \nPresident Barack H. Obama has vetoed 10 bills since taking office in 2009. The three most recent vetoes, which all took place during the second session of the 114th Congress, were of \nH.R. 3762, Restoring Americans\u2019 Healthcare Freedom Reconciliation Act of 2015;\nS.J.Res. 22, A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under Chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Corps of Engineers and the Environmental Protection Agency relating to the definition of \u201cwaters of the United States\u201d under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act; and\nH.J.Res. 88, Disapproving the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to the definition of the term \u201cFiduciary.\u201d", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/RS22188", "sha1": "03a5ece33a2689e47dce387dbc9294ce66f7dfe7", "filename": "files/20160802_RS22188_03a5ece33a2689e47dce387dbc9294ce66f7dfe7.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RS22188", "sha1": "69ccdb2af5da6d9b156f55f538315b0cf4610d0d", "filename": "files/20160802_RS22188_69ccdb2af5da6d9b156f55f538315b0cf4610d0d.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4756, "name": "Separation of Powers" }, { "source": "IBCList", "id": 4835, "name": "Resolving Bicameral Differences & Presidential Action" } ] }, { "source": "EveryCRSReport.com", "id": 441976, "date": "2015-06-09", "retrieved": "2016-04-06T18:57:49.918782", "title": "Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: In Brief", "summary": "The veto power vested in the President by Article I, Section 7 of the Constitution has proven to be an effective tool in the executive branch\u2019s dealings with Congress. In order for a bill to become law, the President either signs the bill into law, or the President allows the bill to become law without signature after a 10-day period.\nRegular vetoes occur when the President refuses to sign a bill and returns the bill complete with objections to Congress within 10 days. Upon receipt of the rejected bill, Congress is able to begin the veto override process, which requires a two-thirds affirmative vote in both chambers in order for the bill to become law. Pocket vetoes occur when the President receives a bill but is unable to reject and return the bill to an adjourned Congress within the 10-day period. The bill, though lacking a signature and formal objections, does not become law. Pocket vetoes are not subject to the congressional veto override process. \nSince the founding of the federal government in 1789, 37 of 44 Presidents have exercised their veto authority a total of 2,566 times. Congress has overridden these vetoes on 110 occasions (4.3%). Presidents have vetoed 83 appropriations bills, and Congress has overridden 12 (14.5%) of these vetoes. \nPresident Barack H. Obama has vetoed four bills since taking office in 2009. H.J.Res. 64, an FY2010 appropriations measure, and H.R. 3808, the Interstate Recognition of Notarizations Act of 2010, were vetoed during the first and second sessions of the 111th Congress respectively. S. 1, the Keystone XL Pipeline Approval Act, and S.J.Res. 8, a bill disapproving a National Labor Relations Board union election rule, were vetoed in the first session of the 114th Congress.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORTS", "active": true, "formats": [ { "format": "HTML", "encoding": "utf-8", "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/RS22188", "sha1": "0752f0ba0d843d3e766354228f112b79e68d775e", "filename": "files/20150609_RS22188_0752f0ba0d843d3e766354228f112b79e68d775e.html", "images": null }, { "format": "PDF", "encoding": null, "url": "http://www.crs.gov/Reports/pdf/RS22188", "sha1": "a93d85429af545f34132694ee360e1348c37389c", "filename": "files/20150609_RS22188_a93d85429af545f34132694ee360e1348c37389c.pdf", "images": null } ], "topics": [ { "source": "IBCList", "id": 3413, "name": "Separation of Powers" }, { "source": "CongOpsList", "id": 4144, "name": "Presidential Action on Legislation" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332861/", "id": "RS22188_2014Jun18", "date": "2014-06-18", "retrieved": "2014-08-27T12:47:05", "title": "Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: An Overview", "summary": "This report provides an overview of the President's veto power, including regular vetoes and pocket vetoes.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20140618_RS22188_9e132216c71122a494b120465d15d3576420934c.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20140618_RS22188_9e132216c71122a494b120465d15d3576420934c.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Presidents", "name": "Presidents" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Executive power", "name": "Executive power" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Pocket veto", "name": "Pocket veto" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc812039/", "id": "RS22188_2013Apr22", "date": "2013-04-22", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: An Overview", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20130422_RS22188_684b5e4436cfafbbdf4d8deeefcb219587122240.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20130422_RS22188_684b5e4436cfafbbdf4d8deeefcb219587122240.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc31451/", "id": "RS22188_2010Nov18", "date": "2010-11-18", "retrieved": "2011-03-09T09:26:47", "title": "Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: An Overview", "summary": "This report gives an overview of the veto powers given to the President according to Article I, Section 7 of the Constitution. It contains sections on the Constitutional basis and importance of vetoes, overriding a veto, and the vetoes that have been exercised and overridden. It includes statistics and tables of Presidential vetoes 1789-2010.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20101118_RS22188_d3153291d4a3f62521994fa9e0e8f6ea2fc3acee.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20101118_RS22188_d3153291d4a3f62521994fa9e0e8f6ea2fc3acee.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Veto -- Statistics", "name": "Veto -- Statistics" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Pocket veto", "name": "Pocket veto" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Executive power", "name": "Executive power" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Appropriations", "name": "Appropriations" }, { "source": "KWD", "id": "veto powers", "name": "veto powers" }, { "source": "KWD", "id": "vetoes", "name": "vetoes" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc29741/", "id": "RS22188_2010Oct18", "date": "2010-10-18", "retrieved": "2010-12-04T14:26:25", "title": "Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: An Overview", "summary": "This report provides an overview of the President's veto power, including regular vetoes and pocket vetoes.", "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20101018_RS22188_0db843f0486b0af49a45e09ed056b2373c2eda55.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20101018_RS22188_0db843f0486b0af49a45e09ed056b2373c2eda55.html" } ], "topics": [ { "source": "LIV", "id": "Presidents", "name": "Presidents" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Executive power", "name": "Executive power" }, { "source": "LIV", "id": "Pocket veto", "name": "Pocket veto" } ] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc808791/", "id": "RS22188_2008Jul18", "date": "2008-07-18", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: An Overview", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20080718_RS22188_9c6b05381f4a1b2b18307f15686e68444134507f.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20080718_RS22188_9c6b05381f4a1b2b18307f15686e68444134507f.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc805822/", "id": "RS22188_2008Jun27", "date": "2008-06-27", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: An Overview", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20080627_RS22188_e52bac6f44ae284376ea2576200f53f73a459584.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20080627_RS22188_e52bac6f44ae284376ea2576200f53f73a459584.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc806985/", "id": "RS22188_2007Oct09", "date": "2007-10-09", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: An Overview", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20071009_RS22188_ccaf369bc1c74bfb0512026207bdd2a5f8c5c76d.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20071009_RS22188_ccaf369bc1c74bfb0512026207bdd2a5f8c5c76d.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc815545/", "id": "RS22188_2007Jun26", "date": "2007-06-26", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: An Overview", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20070626_RS22188_849d2177ca7a6a72369bc672178b97f379bee07c.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20070626_RS22188_849d2177ca7a6a72369bc672178b97f379bee07c.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc805195/", "id": "RS22188_2007Jun18", "date": "2007-06-18", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: An Overview", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20070618_RS22188_7ba66145fef631b587e8255fc44bfc1c2d438336.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20070618_RS22188_7ba66145fef631b587e8255fc44bfc1c2d438336.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc809546/", "id": "RS22188_2006Jan04", "date": "2006-01-04", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: An Overview", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20060104_RS22188_39e86496c367ee0446343087694ea7a41b03bcee.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20060104_RS22188_39e86496c367ee0446343087694ea7a41b03bcee.html" } ], "topics": [] }, { "source": "University of North Texas Libraries Government Documents Department", "sourceLink": "https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc820620/", "id": "RS22188_2005Jul11", "date": "2005-07-11", "retrieved": "2016-03-19T13:57:26", "title": "Regular Vetoes and Pocket Vetoes: An Overview", "summary": null, "type": "CRS Report", "typeId": "REPORT", "active": false, "formats": [ { "format": "PDF", "filename": "files/20050711_RS22188_405eb7ce4e7d597a3a0844cf0c8c75a117fd0df6.pdf" }, { "format": "HTML", "filename": "files/20050711_RS22188_405eb7ce4e7d597a3a0844cf0c8c75a117fd0df6.html" } ], "topics": [] } ], "topics": [ "American Law", "Appropriations" ] }